16:198:522:01 -- NETWORK & COMBINATORIAL OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS

Spring 2008 (3 credits; DCS Category A course)
Meets on Tuesdays, 3:30-6:20 pm at Hill 120.

Instructor:  Michael D. Grigoriadis, CoRE 308, 1-732-445-2001 Ext.2898; Off.Hrs: T 11:45-1:45pm.   Email:

TA: Jihui Zhao, Hill Center 403, (732) 445-2001 Ext 9565, Email: zhaojih (at) cs (dot) rutgers (dot) edu. OHrs: M&W 2:00-3:30 pm.

Purpose: Introduction and systematic study of classes of discrete optimization problems that arise as theoretical or practical applications, of the underlying combinatorial optimization theory, and the analysis and design of efficient algorithms for their exact or approximate solution. The content is intended for students in computer science and in other disciplines such as mathematics, statistics, operations research, engineering, and bioinformatics.

Prereqs: DCS graduate admission requirements; background in design and analysis of algorithms.

Expected work: Four problem sets and a {\bf final exam (Tuesday May 6, 3-6pm; Hill 120)}.

Topics:
--Brief review: NP-Completeness and problem reductions. Elements of classical network optimization, LP duality, primal dual schema, shortest paths & negative cycles, Karp's min-mean cycle algorithm, cost-to-time ratio problems.
--Flows: Flow decomposition, max-flow min-cut duality and integrality theorems; augmenting path and preflow push algorithms. Scaling; dynamic trees; parametric minimum s,t-cuts. Combinatorial implications: disjoint paths (Menger), bipartite matchings and vertex covers (Kvnig-Egervary), optimal closures.
--Extensions: Lower bounds, Hoffman's feasible circulation, min-flow max-cut and Dilworth's theorems; scheduling and network connectivity. All pairs min s,t cuts, Gomory-Hu trees, fast deterministic and randomized global minimum cut algorithms. Multiterminal network synthesis.
--Min-cost flows: polynomial primal, dual and primal dual algorithms; cycle canceling, sequential SPs, capacity and cost scaling. Bipartite weighted matching.
--Multicommodity flows. Integer and fractional flows; optimal routing and network design application.  Duality and sparsest cuts. Recent results.
--Matching: Systems of distinct representatives; problem reductions; alternating paths and trees. Birkhoff-von Neumann, Kvnig-Egervary, Mendelsohn-Dulmage theorems. Max-min, Gilmore-Gomory, Gale-Shapley matchings.
--Nonbipartite weighted matching: Tutte-Berge formula, Edmonds-Gallai decomposition, Edmonds' blossom algorithm, proofs. T-joins, postman tours, b-matching, Euclidean matching. Approximate TSP tours.
Approximation algorithms for several NP-hard problems, based on greedy, primal-dual and LP rounding techniques.
(Note: The exact list of topics covered in a semester may differ somewhat from the above.)

Sources: Notes, recent research papers and chapters from: Network Flows by Ahuja, Magnanti and Orlin, Prentice Hall (1993);    Combinatorial Optimization, Polyhedra and Efficiency by A. Schrijver, 3 volumes, Springer (2003);   Combinatorial Optimization by Cook et al., Wiley (1997); Approximation Algorithms by V.Vazirani, Springer (2001). Other useful books are by Kleinberg & Tardos (2005); by Tarjan (paperback, 1983), Hochbaum (Ed., 1997), Papadimitriou & Stieglitz (1982), Lawler (1976), Schrijver (paperback 1986), and the "classics": Ford&Fulkerson's Network Flows (1962), and Lovasz & Plummner's Matching Theory (1986).

Which book to buy? Theoreticians and discrete optimizers:  Consider Schrijver's 3-volume reference (a bit high level, but it's a steal!); The Ahuja et al. book is easier to read, has most network flow algorithms, lots of models, applications and exercises (list price a bit high); the Cook et al. book is also a worthwhile choice; Vazirani's book deals with NP-hard approximation algorithms. Check prices because they vary widely! We will have several of them on reserve at the Math Library, Hill Center.


Grading guideline: 0.25HW + 0.75FIN,   (where FIN=0 if Final Exam is missed).

Policies: Final Examination: No Makeups. Class attendance: Required; Class participaton: Expected; On homework You may collaborate with others but you must: a) write your own solution separately and unaided, b) List each collaborator or write "no collaboations" for each problem, c) cite all sources, and d) you may not search out solutions from previous years, from other courses,or from other universities. Late HW: 33% penalty for the first week and 100% thereafter.

Academic Integrity: Required reading!

Optional practice computing
:  To gain experience with practical aspects of combinatorial optimization you may do 1-2 exercises (for extra credit).   For example, you may code up an FPTAS we studied in class and study how its error behaves on a given class of instances versus lower bounds or versus an "exact" integer solution.   You may use Matlab (primer) and  ILOG's CPLEX to do such tasks.  Both are accessible on our DCS grad machines.

RU links: Academic Calendar, Registrar's pages, Status.