From: Michael.Corbin@p0.f428.n104.z1.FIDONET.ORG (Michael Corbin)
Subject: Unmasking the Enemy, Part 1
Date: 22 Jul 94 16:44:00 GMT
Organization: FidoNet node 1:104/428.0 - <ParaNet(sm) , Arvada CO


The following file is presented to ParaNet UFO subscribers as yet another
theory of the origin of UFOs.

The following file contains the table of contents, preface,
and Part One (first three chapters) of the second edition of
the book  "Unmasking the Enemy," by Nelson S. Pacheco,
Ph.D., and Tommy Roy Blann.  This file is provided free of
charge by the authors, and may be copied and distributed as
long as it is done free of charge and with no changes,
additions, or deletions.
----------------------------------------------------------

UNMASKING THE ENEMY:
Visions and Deception in the End Times
Nelson S. Pacheco, Ph.D.
Tommy R. Blann

Copyright(C) 1993-94 by the authors

Second Edition

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 93-92744
ISBN 1-885152-01-9

Material from the ParaNet(sm) message base for Internet,
UUCP, Bitnet, the ParaNet(sm) echomail conferences and the
ParaNet Digest, and any other gateway service provided by
ParaNet(sm) is (C) 1990-94 by ParaNet(sm) Information
Service, and is reprinted with the express permission of
Michael Corbin, ParaNet(sm) administrator. Some names have
been changed to protect confidentiality.

Disclaimer:  This book contains no currently classified
government material.  All material labeled as classified has
either been declassified by proper government authorities or
else has been shown to be fraudulent, and is stated in this
book as such.  All incidents related in this book are based
on events which to the best of our knowledge are true and
accurate.  The names of some individuals have been changed,
however, to respect their privacy.

Printing History
First Edition      March 1994
Second Edition     October 1994

Distributed by:Bendan Press Incorporated
P.O. Box 16085
Arlington, VA 22215-1085

-----------------------------------------------------
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are indebted to many individuals and organizations for
the research reported herein.  We thank the many
investigators associated with the ParaNet(sm) computer
network administered by Michael Corbin.  These investigators
have given much of their personal time in placing a great
deal of UFO research in the public domain on this network,
allowing individual investigators access to data that would
otherwise have been very difficult to obtain.  Our research
was also facilitated by material obtained from the Fidonet
and MUFONET computer networks through the UFOria node in
Clifton, Virginia, administered by Allen Roberts.
      We thank Joseph J. Stefula, Richard D. Butler, and
George P. Hansen for permitting us to quote their research
into the Linda Napolitano case, and use material from their
paper.  John White also provided us with information from
his research that has been very useful.  We would also
liketo thank the members of the Shoubra Research Project for
making their research available to us.
     We had the advantage of accessing research done by some
professional UFO organizations that have dealt with this
difficult subject for many years, and who have done a fine
job of researching individual accounts and interviewing
witnesses.  Among these organizations are the Mutual UFO
Network (MUFON), the Center for UFO Studies (CUFOS), and the
Computer UFO Network (CUFON).
     We thank Bill Jackson, journalist, Greeley, Colorado,
and Tom Adams, Project Stigma, Paris, Texas for permission
to use their photographs.  In addition we thank Gabe Valdez,
Don Rystrom, Harry "Tex" Graves, Eddie Wagstaff, Bob
Reisenauer, Daniel Eubank, Billy Perkins, Ken Norman, and
Chris Lambright for providing their assistance in our
research efforts over the years.
      We are indebted to Don Meehan, of the World Peace
Center in New Jersey, for information about the alleged
Montclair apparitions.  We are likewise indebted to a number
of Marian Peace Centers for much of the information on
current apparitions of the Virgin Mary.  Among these we
would especially like to thank the Colorado MIR Center and
the Pittsburgh Center for Peace.  In addition, there are
numerous individuals to whom we are indebted for the Marian
material.  Among the countless individuals who directly or
indirectly assisted us in this book are Dr. John Jackson,
Dr. Ted Saito, Terry Harbison, Francie Bremer, Veronica
Moreland, Don Meehan, and Lewis Sawyer.  There are many
others whom we do not list by individual name, but who
helped us with this book more than they realize.  Their
loyal and prayerful support has been crucial to its
completion.
     In summary, we are very much in debt to a number of
individuals, and whatever success this effort achieves is
due to their assistance.  Any errors of commission or
omission in this work, on the other hand, are totally the
responsibility of the authors.
------------------------------------------------------------
PREFACE
     The sun had set on a routine day in the small
Massachusetts town of South Ashburnham in 1967.  Six years
had  elapsed since the townsfolk were inspired by the
energetic new leader in the White House, and five years had
passed since the sobering events leading to the Cuban
missile crisis.  The 1950's era of innocence had passed, and
major victories over social evils such as racial segregation
had been won in the courts, if not in the hearts and minds.
But now the nation was in the grips of its Vietnam trauma,
and once-cherished standards of patriotism and morality, for
better or worse, were crumbling.  They were being replaced
with sweet-sounding words like peace and justice, the age of
Aquarius, and mind expansion.  Even respected university
professors such as Harvard's Dr. Timothy Leary were
proselytizing the psychic benefits of a drug known as LSD.
It was said that such drugs would bring the enlightenment of
surreal visions.  It seemed as if the pre-eminence of
traditional science was on the wane, while the paranormal
was on the rise...
     As with the majority of her neighbors, Betty Andreasson
and her family were spending a quiet evening in their South
Ashburnham home.  Suddenly the lights went out, and Betty
noticed a reddish-orange light coming through the kitchen
window.  Betty's father went to see what it was.  He thought
he saw some strange beings outside jumping around like
grasshoppers before his mind went blank.  At that moment,
Betty's daughter, her grandfather, and all family members,
except Betty, found themselves unable to move and unaware of
anything.  Betty looked towards the kitchen and saw four
entities entering the house through the kitchen door, not
through the frame, but through the kitchen door itself...
Five thousand miles away and fourteen years later, it was a
typical warm summer day on the Yugoslavian countryside.
That afternoon of June 24, 1981 was the feast day of St.
John the Baptist. The two teenage girls, Ivanka Ivankovic
and Mirjana Dragicevic decided to go for a walk on a nearby
mountain.  As they walked, they may have been speaking about
any of the things that teenager all over the world speak --
school, boys, chores, parents.  Suddenly Ivanka saw ahead of
her a luminous figure.  It was the indistinct form of a
young girl in a gray robe, whose face was gently shining.
The only strange thing was her luminous nature  and that she
was hovering about a yard off the ground...
     That same summer the farmers in the southern English
countryside noticed something unusual.  Someone or something
was forming strange patterns in their grain crops.  Circles
would appear overnight in the middle of the crop fields, and
there seemed to be no tracks or any other evidence left
behind.  Ranchers in the Midwestern United States
experienced something even more sinister.  They found some
of their cattle killed and mutilated in ways that normal
predators would not perpetrate.  The mutilations were
precise, with only certain organs removed, such as sex
organs, tongues, and eyes...
     Throughout the civilized world people became
disillusioned by the norms of society, the conventions of
traditional religion, and the discipline of science.
Instead, they became enamored with the "Light," peace and
love promised by the "New Age" -- seeking answers they could
not find elsewhere.  Well-known movie stars such as Shirley
MacLaine began drawing followers not to the movie theater,
but to their own centers of alleged enlightenment.
Thousands paid dearly for the opportunity to listen to such
leaders.  As the fire sprinklers went off by mistake in a
hotel ballroom at one such gathering, the thousands of
faithful remained there, getting wet, while chanting their
favorite mantra.  Some gurus began "channeling" disembodied
spirits, proclaiming that mankind had to change in order to
avoid ecological disaster.  Other leaders formed more
dangerous cults, and many were to lose their lives for the
sake of these new self-proclaimed Messiahs.All over the
world there were reports of apparitions of the Virgin Mary,
with similar messages of love and hope, and also warning
about coming "chastisements" if mankind did not change its
spiritual ways. Secular society remained oblivious to, or
skeptical of, these events.  In the meantime, the structure
of society continued a downward spiral leading to a loss of
faith in religion, science and even the human spirit. People
questioned societal mores as never before...
     In the early part of this century the above paragraphs
would have read like sheer fantasy.  To us living in the
closing days of the 20th Century, however, they are accounts
of events believed by countless millions around theworld.
Are they true?  If so, are they related?  Most importantly,
what do they mean?  These are some of the questions
addressed in this book.


     Many books have been written about the UFO phenomenon.
Entire libraries could be filled with data, articles, and
manuscripts written by professional and amateur researchers
in this enigmatic area.  The same can be said about
apparitions of the Virgin Mary and related angelic
phenomena.  Many organizations, universities, and spiritual
centers have done extensive research into so-called "Marian"
(relating to the Virgin Mary) theology and apparitions.  The
almost nonexistent body of material synthesizing all of
these phenomena and discussing them within a common context,
however, is surprising.  Particularly when one comes to the
conclusion, as we have, that our society is in the midst of
a concerted campaign of deception being promoted by certain
individuals who are themselves under deception by
"consciousness" that inhabits the twilight world between the
real and the surreal -- similar to what Carl Jung called
"archetypes of a collective subconscious," and what
religions calls angelic beings.  In particular, it is our
belief that we may be witnessing today the definitive battle
in this war of deception.  Mankind may be at the very
threshold of the door into what is variously described as
the "end times" or "Omega Point" -- not the "New Age" of
psychic transformation, but the time for making hard moral
choices at the risk of perishing as individuals and as a
society.We do not state this hypothesis lightly.  We realize
that this statement is subject to questions and doubts, and
dismissal out of hand by many.  In supporting our
hypothesis, we will necessarily be revisiting many
traditional religious concepts which our society has
jettisoned and that our young people may never even have
learned.  As books like The Tao of Physics suggest, however,
science is itself finding it increasingly difficult to
ignore or reject these same religious concepts.  There does
appear to be a spiritual realm, tightly intertwined with our
human consciousness while at the same time transcending this
consciousness.If you have read this far, we invite you to
look at the evidence we present with an open mind.  If,
after digging through this evidence, you still do not accept
our hypothesis, you might at least be entertained by some of
the unusual accounts we relate.  You might also be informed
and warned by some of our other accounts -- accounts of cult
activity, drug involvement, and even murder.  On the other
hand, if what we claim is correct, this may be the most
significant book you have ever read, because it may prevent
you from falling into the dangerous deception into which
countless millions have already fallen...
------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE     4
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS        7

PART I.  SAUCERS, ANGELS, AND HOAXES
CHAPTER 1.  THE PARANORMAL TODAY - 15
     THE UFO PHENOMENON - 16
     GROWING UP IN A FASCINATING WORLD - 17
     THE POLITICO-MILITARY CRISIS - 20
CHAPTER 2.  A SCIENTIFIC DILEMMA - 24
     CRUMBLING OF SCIENTIFIC CERTAINTY - 25
     REINTEGRATING SCIENCE AND RELIGION - 26
     WHAT DOES THE PUBLIC BELIEVE? - 27
CHAPTER 3.  WHAT MIGHT UFOS BE? - 29
     MISREPRESENTATION/ HOAX HYPOTHESIS - 30
     HARD CORE REPORTS - 32
     EXTRATERRESTRIAL (ET) HYPOTHESIS - 36
     PSYCHOLOGICAL HYPOTHESIS - 39
     THE AUTHOR'S HYPOTHESIS - 42

PART II.  VISIONS AND MIRACLES THROUGH THE AGES

CHAPTER 4.  A HISTORY OF SIGHTINGS - 46
     THE EARLIEST SIGHTINGS  - 46
     SIGHTINGS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT  - 47
     THE DYZAN LEGEND - 51
     EARLY CHRISTIAN CENTURIES - 53
     SIGHTINGS OF THE PREVIOUS CENTURY - 54
     EARLY 20TH CENTURY SIGHTINGS - 56
CHAPTER 5.  LASALETTE AND FATIMA - 58
     LASALETTE, FRANCE (1846) - 59
     FATIMA, PORTUGAL (1917) - 62
     FATIMA'S PROPHECIES - 64
     THE MIRACLE OF THE SUN - 66
CHAPTER 6.  THE  MODERN-DAY UFO ENIGMA - 69
     UFO INVASION! - 69
     THE CIA BECOMES INVOLVED - 70
     PROJECT BLUE BOOK - 72
     UFO CULTS - 75
     THE CONDON REPORT - 79
     PROJECT AQUARIUS - 81
     MAJESTIC HOAXES - 86
     LAZAR'S FANTASTIC TALE - 89

PART III.  UNCOVERING THE EVIL

CHAPTER 7.  ABDUCTIONS - 93
     LYDIA'S ABDUCTIONS - 94
     NED'S DREAM - 100
     ABDUCTIONS  IMAGINARY OR REAL? - 101
     CHILD ABUSE AND ABDUCTIONS - 102
     THE NAPOLITANO KIDNAPPING - 104
CHAPTER 8.  BEHIND THE ABDUCTIONS - 111
     STREIBER'S IMAGINATION - 111
     THE ANDREASSON ABDUCTION - 115
     THE NATURE OF THE BEAST - 117
     A SATANIC CONNECTION - 124
CHAPTER 9.  CATTLE MUTILATIONS - 128
     THE SNIPPY MUTILATION - 129
     THE SEARCH FOR FACTS - 132
     SENATOR SCHMITT'S CONFERENCE - 138
     THE ROMMEL PROBE - 139
     HOWE'S STRANGE HARVEST - 143
     THE UFOLOGISTS ARRIVE - 144
     THE TRUTH BEHIND CATTLE MUTILATIONS - 145
     CULTS, DRUGS, AND MUTILATIONS - 145
CHAPTER 10.  CROP CIRCLES - 154
     A BRIEF HISTORY OF CROP CIRCLES  - 154
     INTELLIGENT BEHAVIOR - 159
     HOAX!  - 161
     RESEARCHERS BECOME PROPONENTS - 163
     OCCULT SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CIRCLES - 164
     MUTILATION / CROP CIRCLE CONNECTION - 168

PART IV.  MESSENGERS OF HOPE

CHAPTER 11.  MODERN -DAY APPARITIONS - 171
     TURZOVKA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA (1958) - 171
     GARABANDAL, SPAIN (1961) - 173
     ZEITUN, EGYPT (1971) - 176
     ESCORIAL, SPAIN (1980) - 178
     OTHER MANIFESTATIONS - 178
CHAPTER 12.  MEDJUGORJE  AND RELATED APPARITIONS - 181
     MEDJUGORJE, BOSNIA (1981) - 181
     SHOUBRA, EGYPT (1986) - 183
     HRUSHIV, UKRAINE (1987) - 187
     MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY (1992) - 187

PART V.  TOWARDS AN  ANSWER

CHAPTER 13. ANGELIC BEINGS - 196
     WHO ARE THEY? - 197
     ORDERS OF ANGELS - 198
     FALLEN ANGELS - 199
     SATAN - 203
     SATANIC TEMPTATIONS - 203
     WHERE ARE THEY? - 204
     THE WATCHERS  - 206
CHAPTER 14.  SORTING IT OUT - 212
     PARANORMAL HOAXES - 212
     MASS PSYCHOSIS - 213
     HOLY APPARITIONS - 214
     MIRACULOUS PHOTOGRAPHS - 214
     STRANGE LUMINOUS PHENOMENA - 215
     ST. JOHN OF THE CROSS AND VISIONS - 219
     CLOUD FORMATIONS - 220
     NEAR DEATH EXPERIENCES - 222
     COMPARISON BETWEEN PHENOMENA  - 225
     DANGERS OF THE OCCULT - 229
CHAPTER 15.  THE OMEGA POINT - 231
     WHY IS THIS HAPPENING? - 232
     OUR RESPONSE - 240

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A.  AAS SURVEY - 242
APPENDIX B.  DECLASSIFIED GOVT. DOCUMENTS - 245
APPENDIX C.  A JOURNALIST AT MONTCLAIR - 258

BIBLIOGRAPHY - 264

ABOUT THE AUTHORS - 264

NOTES - 270
-----------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER 1
THE PARANORMAL TODAY

     "I believe there is a machinery of mass
     manipulation behind the UFO phenomenon; it aims at
     social and political goals by diverting attention
     from some human problems and providing a potential
     release for tensions caused by others.  The (UFO)
     contactees are part of that machinery.  They are
     helping to create a new form of belief: an
     expectation of actual contact among large parts of
     the public.  In turn, this expectation makes
     millions of people hope for the imminent
     realization of that age-old dream: salvation from
     above, surrender to the greater power of some wise
     navigators of the cosmos.  They may not be from
     outer space.....Their methods are those of
     deception..."
        Dr. Jacques Vallie
        UFO author & Astrophysicist
        Messengers of Deception

     Ever since the late 1960s, claims of the paranormal
have increased and have assumed respectability within the
general public.  From the alleged psychic spoon bending of
Uri Geller through the past-life regressions of Shirley
MacLaine and the sightings of UFOs, the paranormal bombards
us -- so much so that it has lost much of its supernatural
aura and has become an acceptable topic of routine
discussion.  Television and  newspapers periodically carry
tales of strange events.  These events range from mysterious
and elusive Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), through
serendipitous circles in the English countryside, to
accounts of cult leaders with seemingly hypnotic powers over
their followers.  Then there are the myriad alleged
apparitions of the Virgin Mary...

     Many reports are from credible individuals that have
had frightening experiences with something that they still
do not understand.  Here is an excerpt from one such
interview:

     Q:  Can you tell me about the one that made you
     think you had experienced something really
     bizarre?
     A:  Yes, it was when I was twenty.  I was living
     in Jamestown, California, at the time with three
     other young people in an old house outside of
     town.  One night I returned to my bedroom after
     getting up to use the bathroom.  I turned off the
     light, got in my bed, and lay on my left side.  As
     soon as I lay down I knew there was something in
     the room with me.  I could feel it thinking.  I
     immediately became aware of something moving to me
     from across the room and it stood on the foam pad
     right in front of my face and made a depression
     there that my hands, that were up by my face,
     started to roll into.  Then suddenly there was a
     weight on top of my body that pushed me down
     through the support of my pad in to the floor and
     held me there paralyzed.  There also was a loud
     sound in my upturned right ear that sounded as
     though something was yelling or shouting or
     exhaling against my ear.  It was one long sound
     though there was no variation in timbre,
     frequency, or pitch and it continued for the
     entire time that I could not move...

     Such accounts have been explained as being hypnogogic
or hypnopompic (between the sleep and awake states)
hallucinations, demons, aliens, temporal lobe abnormalities,
the effects of tectonic stress, or just overactive
imaginations.  Although determination of the cause of such
accounts is important to researchers, their effect on the
belief structure on our society is even more important and
consequential.  As recent surveys of the American people
show, almost one in five responded positively when asked if
they had ever had an experience of  waking up paralyzed with
a sense of a strange person or presence or something else in
the room.  Similarly, almost one in five reported  having
seen, either as a child or as an adult, a terrifying figure
-- a monster, witch, devil, or some other evil figure in
their bedroom, closet, or elsewhere.

     What is happening?  Is any of this believable?  Are we
reacting to tales from the mentally unbalanced?  Or is
something really there?  Something as monumental to the
future course of human society as the harnessing of fire or
the industrial revolution?  Only a few conventional
scientists have anything to say about this difficult
question.  Those that do are drastically divided in their
hypotheses.  The explanations range from the natural to
those such as Harvard psychiatrist John Mack who claim that
these accounts represent visitations from alien
intelligences.  Others, like Laurentian University
psychologist Michael Persinger, claim that such episodes are
explainable as electrical or biochemical transients in the
brains temporal lobes, caused by piezoelectric effects
along earthquake faults.  Then there are the pseudo-
scientists and the self-professed experts, many of them
charlatans or worse.  Outright fraud is being perpetrated on
our society, and there is no one we can call to expose it.
The few legitimate scientists and theologians that deal with
these matters risk censure from their peers.  In the
meantime, the average person is left to deal with the
implications and ramifications of these phenomena as best
they can.

THE UFO PHENOMENON

     The UFO phenomenon is among the most notorious for
sensationalism.  UFO sightings are so commonplace that the
press no longer carries such reports unless they are truly
sensational.  Those that are carried on the news wires
usually involve personal accounts of a fantastic sighting by
one or more seemingly credible individuals.  Their stories
are sometimes accompanied by blurry photographs, ambiguous
videos, or suspicious marks left on the ground.  At this
point, government officials are interviewed and asked if
they have any explanation for the phenomenon.  The response
is almost always that there is no natural explanation.  No
aircraft was flying in the area, no unusual weather
phenomena were reported, etc.  We are left hanging, our
faith in rationalism shaken and our sense of the ability of
civil authorities to safeguard our own security diminished.
     Are UFOs real?  As Jacques Vallee points out, that
question may no longer be important.  What is important is
that the majority of Americans now believe in the existence
of UFOs, and most of those accept the hypothesis that we are
being visited by extraterrestrials (ETs)1.  Even classic
skeptics such as astronomer and author Carl Sagan are now
willing to admit that there may be something unusual and
unexplainable happening2.  Traditional churches remain
fairly silent on the subject, and individuals are left on
their own to decide whether visitations from intelligent
life on other planets is theologically acceptable, and what
impact paranormal phenomena have to their faith.  Those that
profess no particular religion seek the same answers, but
within philosophy and science rather than religion.  But
science discounts or avoids the subject, and philosophy
offers little comfort.  Often, the response of the
individual is to ignore these reports and hope that they go
away.  But there they are again, in the press and on TV.
What are we to do?
     Ever since the Hollywood productions "Close Encounters
of the Third Kind" and "ET" were released, a sort of folk
mythology has developed around the thought that we are being
visited by well-meaning cute little extraterrestrials who
come to study us and to keep us from destroying ourselves.
As the more recent films "Communion" and "Fire In the Sky"
show, Hollywood is beginning to tune in to another message:
that whatever or whomever is visiting may not be so cute or
innocent.
     Over the last decade, the classical flying saucer type
of UFO sighting has been accompanied by even more bizarre
paranormal events that, although different in their physical
manifestations, are similar in their impact on society:
human abductions, cattle mutilations and crop circles.  As
we show in this book, there is a sinister web of deceit
connecting all of these manifestations.  Much of it is out
and out fraudulent and/or criminal.  What is happening, and
why is it happening?  Television and the cinema are very
good at creative interpretations of the what, but they fall
well short on the why.  We propose that it is because both
the what and the why are best addressed within a spiritual
context -- an area from which secular society has divorced
itself over this century.

GROWING UP IN A FASCINATING WORLD

     The "baby boom" generation was fascinated in the 1950s
by the thought that the Saturday morning Flash Gordon
serials might actually come true.  As we got older, we
realized that simplistic notions of interstellar travel, ray
guns, and so forth collapsed under the reality of scientific
materialism.  These imaginary things were replaced by their
exciting, if much more modest, real-life counterparts: earth
satellites, manned lunar flights, and robot ships to the
planets.  There were also more dangerous realities:
thermonuclear weapons, missiles, and directed energy
weapons.
     We were also confronted with reports of the paranormal
that were not easily dismissed -- as if someone was
titillating us with the unknown.  Furthermore, there seemed
to be some direction to all of this.  The phenomenon was
getting more complex over time.  Over the last 30 years we
have seen the UFO phenomenon evolve from visual reports of
simple discs and lights in the sky to radar observations,
physical traces, close encounters, and sinister accounts of
human abductions.  In the 1960s many were mesmerized by the
preachers of free love, drugs, and the Age of Aquarius, and
said they experienced a psychic transformation.  The
practice of "channeling," long used by mediums, began to
spread among devotees of New Age religions.  Shortly after
that, in the early 1970s, other sinister phenomena appeared:
cattle mutilations and crop circles.
     At the same time as this was happening, and unbeknownst
to many, alleged apparitions of the Virgin Mary began to
increase.  Such apparitions are legendary, with the 1531
apparition at Guadalupe, near present-day Mexico City, being
particularly well known in the Americas3.  The Roman
Catholic Church has traditionally taken a very slow,
deliberate, and skeptical approach to alleged apparitions.
But the current number of alleged apparitions has
outstripped the capabilities of the Church to conduct their
investigations.  Never in history has there been such a
large number of reported apparitions as there has been in
the latter half of the 20th Century4.  Some of these alleged
apparitions follow traditional form, while others are more
similar to channeling.  This phenomenon has caught the
attention of not only  Roman Catholics, but that of authors
who have traditionally dealt only with secular subjects.
For example, Michael Brown, an investigative author known
for his exposi of the Love Canal environmental disaster, has
recently authored The Final Hour5, containing a dramatic and
well-researched sweep through the major modern-day
apparitions of the Virgin Mary.
     While the two seem to be independent of each other, we
will show that some of the phenomena associated with
apparitions of the Virgin Mary are uncannily similar to
other paranormal phenomena.  For example, light flashes so
often reported at recent apparition sites of the Virgin Mary
are similar to flashes of light often associated with UFO
sightings.  The historical juxtaposition of UFO sightings
and visions of the Virgin Mary is also suspicious.  In 1846
the Virgin Mary allegedly appeared to two children in
LaSalette, France, and gave them some ominous prophecies.
Among these prophecies the following statement appears:
Let the Pope be upon his guard against miracle
workers, for the time is arrived when the most
astounding prodigies will take place on the earth
and in the air.


     The word prodigy comes from the Latin word prodigium
that means omen, or monster.  Webster's defines "prodigy" as
(1) a portentous event, something extraordinary or
inexplicable; or (2) an extraordinary, marvelous, or unusual
accomplishment, deed, or event.  So it seems that the
LaSalette prophecy was about extraordinary or inexplicable
events, possibly associated with "omens" or "monsters,"
taking place both in the air and on the earth.
A few years after that prophecy there began a wave of
reports of people seeing strange airships with beings in
them.  These reports came from people who were not very
likely to have known about LaSalette (even today most Roman
Catholics are not aware of LaSalette, at least in the United
States).  The numerous reports were of advanced airships
that passed in the sky.  One such airship allegedly crashed
into a windlass on a farm owned by a Judge Proctor in
Aurora, Texas.  There were other reports of debris being
recovered from such crashes and alien bodies being buried.
If true, this was certainly among the most significant of
occasions in the history of mankind.  If false, who is
responsible for such tales, and just as importantly, what
are they trying to accomplish?
     The Aurora account was a precursor to one of the most
famous of all UFO cases: the alleged crash of a flying
saucer outside Corona, New Mexico in 1947.  Debris was
supposedly recovered by the Army Air Force, which issued a
hasty press release saying that a "Flying Disk" had been
recovered.  The press release was retracted the next day,
but thirty years later Air Force intelligence officer Major.
J. Marcel claimed that the object was not of this earth, and
that the press conference had been a sham.  Interviews with
over 150 witnesses reinforce the anomalous nature of object.
This became the source for a recent best-seller, Majestic,
by novelist Whitley Streiber6.
     The LaSalette message not only predicted that we would
see "outstanding prodigies on the earth and in the air," but
also that the Pope should be "upon his guard against miracle
workers."  If the Pope was to be warned, that could only
mean that the manifestations (prodigies) would represent a
threat to traditional organized religion, or at least to the
Roman Catholic church.  LaSalette even prophesied what we
could interpret today as UFO abductions, of which we will
have much to say in a subsequent chapter:

     Lucifer, with a very great number of demons will
     be unchained from hell.  By degrees they shall
     abolish the Faith, even among persons consecrated
     to God ... Satan shall have very great power over
     nature (God's punishment for the crimes of men)
     ... Some persons shall be transported from one
     place to another by these wicked spirits ... (our
     emphasis).

     Not only are these words ominous in today's context,
but they purport to say who or what is really behind these
phenomena:  personified evil in the form of the legendary
devil, Lucifer or Satan.  Modern society tends to dismiss
such concepts and explain them in terms of psychological
constructs.  But in spite of the liberation supposedly
brought on by scientific materialism and humanism, evil
thrives in our world as strongly as it ever has.  Perhaps it
is time to revisit some of these "archaic" and forgotten
concepts.
     If we look closer, we note that LaSalette is repeating
world events foretold in the Christian Bible and in the
defining documents and legends of many other religions.  In
Mark's Gospel, Christ is quoted as saying, referring to the
end of the world, "For false Christs and false prophets will
appear and perform signs and miracles to deceive the elect -
- if that were possible.7"  Over the last century, and
particularly today, we may be seeing  that prophecy being
unfolded.  We have witnessed "signs and miracles" in the sky
in the form of UFOs, and as we shall describe, "prodigies in
the earth" with sinister occult activity such as cattle
mutilations and crop circles.  Deceit is everywhere to be
found.  We will explore these events in detail in this book.
Is there a personified evil -- a Satan -- and, if so, is he
really behind this?  We have seen faith diminish, and people
report being "transported from one place to another by these
wicked spirits" in the form of UFO abductions.  Could all of
this be somehow tied together?  If so, is it all part of the
same phenomena, or is it contradictory?
There is much confusion today.  In the midst of this
confusion, religious revisionism has made an inroads with
some curious dogmas that attempt to reconcile what is
happening today in terms of a new type of enlightenment.
For example, according to some (even Christian ministers
such as the Reverend Downing), Christ was in reality an
extraterrestrial and Biblical miracles can be explained as
early rudimentary accounts of UFOs.  Others readily accept
the validity of any alleged messages from the Virgin Mary,
especially if they are accompanied by mysterious flashes of
light or any other sign of the paranormal.  They are
oblivious to the dangers of following false prophets that in
the extreme may lead to suicide in the jungles of Jonestown,
Guyana or to a fiery death behind an armed compound in Waco,
Texas.
     The occult can be dangerous territory.  As we shall
see, involvement into the occult is much broader than people
realize, and may even be responsible for Hitlers Jewish
holocaust.  Today, a murderous criminal such as Charles
Manson proudly displays a swastika carved into his forehead
while openly proclaiming Satanic powers, and the large
number of missing persons in the country sends chills of
what their ultimate fate may have been.
     The supremacy of science over the last two centuries
has produced tremendous material advances, but has done
little to advance the essence of humanity -- the human
spirit.  Somewhere along the way to our material comforts we
forgot that "man does not live by bread alone."  The world's
religions, and particularly the Judeo-Christian tradition,
are full of warnings of precisely the type of evil that we
are witnessing today.  Spiritual leaders repeatedly warn
about the powers of the dark world -- the occult.  As
difficult as it may be to accept in our materialistic
society, the real answer behind the paranormal might lie not
in science, but in the occult.  We will discuss this
connection in this book.
     Why should this be happening, and why should it be
happening within our generation?  Is it a coincidence that
we are the first generation able to annihilate mankind with
our own technology?  Let us explore this aspect.

THE POLITICO-MILITARY CRISIS

     Within our lifetimes mankind has built enough nuclear
weapons to destroy life on earth as we know it -- a sign of
the horrid brink towards which society has marched over the
last several decades.  We have seen the clock on the
Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists reach one second to
midnight8, fully aware of the implications of a nuclear
holocaust.  As physicist Max Born said,
The human race has today the means for
annihilating itself-either in a fit of complete
lunacy, i.e., in a big war, by a brief fit of
destruction, or by careless handling of atomic
technology, through a slow process of poisoning
and of deterioration in its genetic structure.9
Although governments are well versed in the economic
and political causes of war, they can not satisfy the
longings of the human spirit and the emotional agitation
that leads to war.  In spite of the  widespread denial of
evil in modern society, it is hard to deny that much of what
we see around us can not be explained in any other way than
by recourse to evil.
     From the death camps of Auschwitz to the cannibalism of
Dahmer how can the human spirit have sunk to such depths
unless it was dragged there by evil?  Such evil is
responsible not only for physical war, but for the spiritual
warfare raging about us -- a more insidious and present
danger.  From child pornography through drug abuse, rampant
crime, and the dissolution of the family, our generation may
have succeeded in winning the Cold War only to succumb to a
spiritual enemy who can not only harm our flesh, but can
cause us to lose our very spirit.
     What is the government doing?  As we shall see, some
government agencies from the beginning took UFOs and other
paranormal phenomena very seriously.  Both overt and covert
investigations have been done.  The Freedom of Information
Act (FOIA) has allowed some previously classified documents
on this activity to be released.  No government, however, is
set up or prepared to fight this kind of enemy.  Let us not
forget that even the Roman Empire fell not because of the
sword, but because it was weakened internally through social
and moral degeneracy.
     So we come back to a basic question: are UFOs real?  It
is our firm belief that there is a "real" UFO phenomenon,
and that such manifestations are a clear and present danger,
but for different reasons than are normally stated.  Our
opinion, supported by the data we present herein, is that
UFOs are not "real" in the ordinary nuts-and-bolts sense of
the word.  The five-or-so percent of UFO reports that are
not misrepresentations, delusions, or hoaxes are real in the
sense of being intelligent but peripheral psycho-physical
intrusions into our experiential universe by metaphysical
intelligent entities that exist outside of our space-time
continuum (what some would call a parallel universe).  They
are intelligent in that there is a high-level organization
and purpose behind their interaction.  But their interaction
is peripheral in that it manifests itself not through
mechanical devices but principally through powerful
concentrations of electro-magnetic energy in regions of
space or several meters dimension.  This energy  can cause
thermal and radiation effects such as burn marks on the
ground, interference with electrical devices (e.g., car
ignitions), and burns and rashes on the skin.  The effects
such as can at times become visible and/or show up on radars
and other instruments.  However, their main arena of
interaction with mankind is not our environment, but our
cerebral cortex.  The evidence indicates that these entities
are able to somehow manipulate the brains biochemistry
and/or electrical activity in such a way that the percipient
can not tell the difference between reality and the induced
hallucination.
     This conclusion is neither original with nor unique to
us, but is rather an extension, modification, and refinement
of theories espoused by researchers such as Jung, Vallee,
Keel, Evans, Tyler, White, Persinger, and Deveroux.  If we
differ from these researchers, it is in the degree that we
are willing to proceed along this path, the range of
phenomenology that we attempt to synthesize, and the level
of human complicity that we suggest.


     Pioneer psychologist Carl Jung, explained the problem
of UFOs as being "archetypes of a collective subconscious,"
which has many similarities with our hypothesis and yet
differs in the nature of their reality.  In his Psychology
of the Unconscious, Jung theorized that there were two
dimensions of the subconscious -- the personal, represented
by one's own repressed or forgotten memories, and the
collective subconscious, representing those mental patterns
shared either by members of a culture or universally by all
human beings. Jung believed that at certain times the
collective subconscious could manifest itself as
"archetypes," or images, patterns, and symbols from
mythology, religion, and fairy tales.  Although we agree
that such archetypes may appear in hallucinatory episodes,
we know of no scientific theory that would allow such
hallucinations to interact with matter.
     Jacques Vallee pioneered the synthesis of the UFO
phenomena with similar reports and manifestations from fairy
tales and folklore (in Passport to Magonia).  He was also
one of the first investigators to connect the UFO phenomena
with purposeful and deceitful activity by cults (in
Messengers of Deception).  Keel, Evans, Tyler, and White
explored the connections between the UFO phenomenon,
religious concepts, and legends of good and evil entities.
Persinger and Deveroux hypothesized the UFO phenomenon as
being caused by stimulation of the brains temporal lobe
cortex by electromagnetic means.  Specifically, they
hypothesize that the electromagnetic energy may come from
what they call "Tectonic Stress Transients" or "Earth
Lights," which is piezoelectric energy emanating from
earthquake faults.
     Our hypothesis shares commonalties with the theories of
all of these researchers.  It also extends into the
metaphysical, a step that many researchers hesitate to take.
This hesitancy is understandable in that once we leave the
realm of the observable universe, we also leave the realm of
what is scientifically provable.  Nevertheless, we hope that
this aspect of our hypothesis, even though unprovable, is at
least consistent with what has been observed.  Furthermore,
we believe that our hypothesis is consistent both with
traditional religious dogma (e.g., angelic beliefs) and with
concepts being entertained in modern physics.  The "many
worlds" theory of quantum mechanics, hypothesized in the
1950s by Princeton physicist Hugh Everett III, and
increasingly gaining favor among quantum physicists, allow
for the concept of other parallel universes that may even
interact with our own universe at the scale of small
dimensions and short time intervals.
     If the metaphysical entities that we hypothesize exist,
and if there is a purpose behind their actions, the most
important question is whether their purpose is good or evil.
The evidence points to both.  Some of these entities (which
religion calls angels, or messengers of God) seem to come
for good purposes.  Others, particularly those involved with
some of the more sinister aspects of the UFO phenomenon
(abductions, deceit, etc.) seem to be here to create havoc.
If the actions of those whom they deceive is any indication,
they may be responsible for much of the drug abuse and
heinous crime in our society.  In spite of the tremendous
advances by science in the last couple of centuries, we are
witnessing today, as never before, the validity of
traditional religious concepts concerning the
personification of evil.
     Perhaps it is time to review and possibly revise the
relationship between religion and science.  Science claims
to explain the mechanisms of causality, but can not reach
beyond that to first causes.  Religion claims revelation of
first causes, but has erred when it has tried to explain the
mechanics of the universe.  Just as religion should defer to
science in its arena, perhaps science should defer to
religion when mechanistic theories are no longer possible.
Not when they are flawed and in need of revision, but when
it is no longer possible to construct a theory because of
fundamental limitations.  If so, the topics discussed in
this book may be the arena where this new synthesis between
religion and science takes place.

An Ancient Problem

     For how long have UFOs been reported?  Paranormal
phenomena analogous to those in the current phase of UFO
reports have been recorded throughout history.  It can even
be argued that paranormal phenomena have always been around,
and are only called para-normal because they are not
"normally" observed.  "New Age" philosophy holds that
mankind possesses paranormal powers well above what it
normally uses because it has lost touch with its inner self.
If only we can attune ourselves with our higher powers, we
can recover these faculties.  This is an appealing argument,
but is suspiciously similar to the argument raised by the
"snake" in the Biblical legend of the Garden of Eden -- "Ye
shall be as God...11".
     It is particularly appealing today, to a generation
that has lost many of its traditional values and faiths and
feels overwhelmed by the fast-paced modern world and its
many problems.  A generation that has been raised under the
threat of a nuclear and/or germ warfare Armageddon, life-
threatening pollution and diseases, extinction of various
species of life, the deteriorating ozone layer, an alarming
number of natural catastrophes and an ever-increasing
population growth.
     Is it any wonder that many people around the world now
believe that UFOs are spaceships and that we are being
visited by extraterrestrial beings that have come to save
us?  The need to believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial
visitors gives many people hope that they are not alone in
the universe.  They would like to contact this consciousness
in hopes that they can solve our many problems on this
planet.  Perhaps our "salvation" can come from our "space
brothers."  This thinking also offers to some an escape from
reality -- a childlike fascination for the unknown and
mysterious.  To others, it offers a common bond where there
is a mutual interest outside the more mundane activities of
the real world.  As we shall see, this also leaves the door
wide open for deception.  We must not be deceived as to what
these phenomena involve, lest we be absorbed by their signs
and wonders and be led astray.  If so, we may find our
religions and scientific rationalism being replaced with
magic, animism and paganism.  We may even find our society
cast into another Dark Ages.


CHAPTER 2.  A SCIENTIFIC DILEMMA

     "UFOs are real.  There is so much evidence, so much
     verification, we just have to accept the fact that
     they exist.  The Bible teaches that there is a
     real-life Satan who will use all his powers to
     deceive the people on Earth.  He is real and an
     intelligent being.  If you believe the Bible, you
     understand that.  One of his tricks is to try to
     convince people that they have been in touch with
     beings from another world.  And one way he does
     this is to surround us with UFOs, to make people
     believe they are contacting aliens from other
     planets. What they're really contacting are not
     space creatures but demons, the disciples of the
     devil.  The real explanation is the most
     terrifying explanation of all, and people just
     don't want to believe it."
            Dr. Norman Geisler
            Theologian

     Stories of flying saucers were the vogue in the 1950s,
which was just the thing to titillate the imagination of
those of us who grew up in that decade.  We may have been
lulled to sleep by Eisenhower, but at the same time we were
frightened by nuclear tests, feared invasions from Mars, and
fantasized about Flash Gordon adventures.  After the initial
excitement waned, flying saucers were grouped with hula
hoops and roller-skating waitresses as relics of the 50s.
Unlike hula hoops, however, flying saucer reports would not
go away.  As the 60s began, many started to take reports of
UFOs with serious concern, particularly after hearing about
the Air Force's Project Blue Book12, that gave the subject
at least a veneer of respectability.  Nevertheless, the
official Air Force position was that flying saucers were
only a misrepresentation of natural events.  Little did the
general public know that some combat-trained fighter pilots
with nerves of steel were returning from flights traumatized
and in tears from encounters with something against which
they had never trained13.
     There is something very strange and even sinister about
the UFO phenomenon.  In spite of the obvious and not so
obvious frauds and claims of the mentally unbalanced, there
remains a residual of good, solid, verifiable reports from
average citizens and even professional observers who pass
all physical and psychological tests.  Many have proposed
that we are being visited by extraterrestrials.  There
remain many pieces, however, that just do not fit the
extraterrestrial or any other hypothesis.
     Fourteen years ago, Jaques Vallie published Messengers
of Deception14, one of several books on the UFO phenomenon
by that fine French-born researcher.  Vallie's book exposed
the cult activity behind the UFO phenomenon and pronounced
the first warnings about its sinister side.  As we shall
describe in this book, this cult activity has intensified
and become more sophisticated since that time.  Confusion
and fraud reign everywhere.  Today it seems as if we are in
a hall of mirrors in which everything is distorted and
reflected -- just whenever a strong thread of logic seems to
appear behind the phenomenon, it unravels into individual
fibers of deceit, strangeness and charlatans.

THE CRUMBLING OF SCIENTIFIC CERTAINTY

     In the 1700s and 1800s the scientific community was
ready to accept a mechanistic universe, and there was
nothing left for science to do but to add a few more decimal
places of accuracy.  The Universe was a beautiful clockwork
of Newtonian mechanics.  We lived in a billiard-ball
universe.  In theory, if we could determine the position and
momentum of every particle in the universe (every billiard
ball), we could calculate precisely how the future of the
universe would unfold.  Science was gradually pushing the
traditional idea of God's intimate involvement in His
creation out of the way.  But not every scientist was
content to accept this view of the universe.  Some probed
deeper, and the deeper that science probed, the more things
began to unravel.



WHAT DOES THE PUBLIC BELIEVE?

     The portion of the scientific community that is willing
to accept the possible reality of UFOs largely discounts the
extraterrestrial visitor hypothesis, for reasons that we
will discuss  in the next chapter.  Ironically, such
scientists discount the ET hypothesis without being able to
offer an alternate hypothesis that is consistent with the
observed data.  Science knows what UFOs aren't, but it does
not know what they are.  This is consistent with the
scientific method, where a hypothesis must be supportable by
data.  It is better to not entertain any hypothesis than to
entertain one that is not supportable.  As Carl Sagan says,
"extraordinary claims require extraordinary proof."  What
about the general public?  Are people being convinced that
UFOs are of extraterrestrial nuts-and-bolts technology?  The
surprising answer is that not only are they being convinced
of this, but they fall into that thinking even when they
could interpret the data within their own religious world-
view.
     In February 1978 the Gallup Poll conducted a survey of
1553 adults on their belief in UFOs and other paranormal,
religious, and psychic phenomena.  The results were reported
by Jeff  Sobal and Charles Emmons in the "Zetetic
Scholar21."  The results were that an amazing 96% of the
respondents believed that UFOs were real rather than
imaginary.  Almost as many, 86%, believed that UFOs were
intelligently controlled devices, and 70% believed that
UFOs were extraterrestrial visitors.  One out of four (26%)
believed in angels and/or devils, which may correlate with
the 30% that did not subscribe to the extraterrestrial
visitor theory.  How does this compare with those who are
active in the UFO field?
     In 1983, Donald A. Johnson, Ph.D., MUFON Consultant in
Research Psychology, conducted a small survey of attendees
of the MUFON Symposium, held in Pasadena, in order to learn
what beliefs ufologists hold about paranormal phenomena.
Johnson divided his sample into those ufologists who had
themselves witnessed a UFO, and those who had not.
Johnson found, not surprisingly, that all of the UFO-
witness ufologists that he surveyed believed that UFOs were
real rather than imaginary, as compared with 92% of the non-
witnesses.  Regarding UFOs being extraterrestrial visitors,
77% of the witnesses believe that they are, as compared with
61% of the non-witnesses.  The surprise comes with the
number that believe in angels and/or devils.  Of the
witnesses, 43% hold that belief, as compared with 17% of the
non-witnesses.  That means that of witnesses, almost twice
as many believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial rather than
angels, and among non-witnesses the ratio is 3.5 to 1.
Therefore, those who actively investigate the UFO phenomenon
are two to four times as likely as the general public to
explain UFOs as being the result of extraterrestrial
technology rather than their religious beliefs.  If a
picture is worth a thousand words, it seems that a UFO
sighting is worth a thousand beliefs.  Not only is the
deception working, but it may be drawing people away from
their traditional beliefs.  Unfortunately, as noted by Sobal
and Emmons, they used a convenience sample rather than a
random sample for their study.  Their interesting results
beg for a repeat of this study in a more rigorous way.


  CHAPTER 3.  WHAT MIGHT UFOS BE?

     "A large part of available UFO literature is
     closely linked with mysticism and the
     metaphysical.  It deals with subjects like mental
     telepathy, automatic writing, invisible entities,
     as well as phenomena like poltergeist
     manifestations and possession.  Many of the UFO
     reports now being published in the popular press
     recount alleged incidents that are strikingly
     similar to demonic possession."
             Lynn E. Catoe
            USAF Bibliographer
            USAF Report On UFOs

     Given the phenomenon before us, what are we to make of
it?  Is the UFO phenomenon strictly fraudulent -- an
artifact of the imagination or the fabrication or twisted
minds?  Those who are only casually acquainted with the
subject from supermarket tabloids or television hype may
come to this conclusion  Are UFOs a manifestation of some
unknown scientific phenomenon, a natural but not yet
explored process?  This is the thinking of those who delve
into the phenomenon deeply enough to be convinced that the
phenomenon is "real," but not deeply enough to understand
its true nature.  Are they visitors from other planets?
Lets examine the data.
     Let us first dispel the notion that we are dealing with
"scientific" data, which might be defined as observations
collected objectively and systematically, by unbiased
observers, using calibrated instruments.  Much of paranormal
data is anecdotal or serendipitous, and we do not claim to
have a scientific data set.  However, the same can be said
for some of the "softer" sciences such as psychology and
sociology in which much progress has been made.  What is a
bigger problem in ufology is that the data that we possess
might not be freely obtained, but instead might be contrived
data that whomever is behind this phenomenon wants us to
have, at the time and in the manner that they wish for us to
have it, for their own purposes.  If this is so, scientific
methods may not be as relevant to the study of ufology as
intelligence methods.
     Given the data in our possession, several theories have
gained prominence in ufology over the last several decades.
The ones most often entertained are (1) the
misrepresentation/ hoax theory, according to which
everything is either a misrepresentation or a hoax22; (2)
the "little green men", or ET theory, according to which we
are being visited by extraterrestrials; and (3)
psychological hypotheses according to which UFO experiences
are hallucinatory, due to various causes (e.g., hypnogogic
states, repressed memories, temporal lobe abnormalities). We
believe that the first and third hypotheses have some
component of truth in that they explain a number (even a
majority) of cases.  However, we also believe that they all
suffer from fatal flaws and that they fail to explain the
essence of the phenomenon. Let us consider these hypotheses
in turn and then discuss our own hypothesis.

MISREPRESENTATION/ HOAX HYPOTHESIS

     There is no argument that this theory does account for
the vast majority of UFO reports.  The question is whether
or not it accounts for all of them, as skeptics such as
Philip Klass and Carl Sagan might argue.  In the 1960s the
Air Forces Project Blue Book concluded that as many as 90
percent of UFO reports are simply misrepresentations of
natural phenomena by well meaning, but mistaken,
individuals.  The most frequent misrepresentations are those
of the plant Venus, meteorites, deorbiting satellites, and
false images due to temperature inversions.  However, Blue
Book and more recent studies also concluded that this theory
fails to explain a very significant residue of credible
"hard core" reports.  In his book Flim Flam, James Randi (a
professional magician who has exposed many "paranormal"
frauds) claims that the remaining residue is just "noise"
that could be explained if more and better information were
available.  Although this is possible, we should not forget
that some of the major discoveries in science and
engineering (such as superconductivity and quantum
mechanics) have been made because accepted theories could
not deal with a residual "noise" in observations.
     Natural events can appear very unnatural under the
right settings, and can fool even experienced observers.
One such observation was made by the author (Pacheco) in the
deserts of Eastern Turkey in the early 1970s while on a
Skylab satellite tracking mission.  Skylab was the third
stage of an unused Apollo moon rocket converted into a small
scientific orbiting platform, and outfitted with a pair of
large outboard "solar panels" (large flat panels filled with
solar cell arrays) to provide electricity.  Shortly after
the launch of Skylab from Cape Canaveral, Florida, something
went seriously wrong.  Unbeknownst to the launch team,
approximately ten minutes into the launch one of the solar
panels failed to extend from the main body as scheduled.
The panel jammed in place as several pieces of surrounding
material (covering material, bolts, shrouds, etc.) flew off
and interfered with its extension.  As soon as we acquired
Skylab on our ground radar, we were immediately impressed by
its huge radar image.  But along with the main image there
appeared other smaller pieces -- a first sign of trouble.
Being a typically clear Turkish summer night with no
interfering lights in the area, I made what seemed like a
silly decision to go outside of the radar instrument
building and take a look at the sky with my eyes to see if
anything was visible.
     To my surprise, I was greeted with a spectacular sky
show -- Skylab was clearly visible rising slowly in the
western sky, and all around it were smaller specks that
seemed to dart in and out as they periodically caught and
reflected the light from the orange sun which had set
several hours before.  I soon realized that the line of
sight distance was too long to actually see such small
closely-spaced pieces with the naked eye.  The interplay and
diffraction of sunlight, however, made for such an
appearance.  This would have made an outstanding UFO report,
and I must say that if I had not known what I was observing
I may have been tempted to consider it as such.
By 1966, the late Dr. J. Allen Hynek, Professor of
Astronomy at Northwestern University and chief consultant to
Project Blue Book, had done a rather thorough job of
investigating the more credible sightings, and finding that
in most cases there was a natural explanation.  Dr. Hynek
should be credited with placing the study of the UFO
phenomenon on a scientific footing.  The author (Blann) was
fortunate to establish both a professional and personal
association with this fine researcher who later became
godfather to his son.  Unfortunately, Hyneks attempt at
explaining some widely reported events in Southern Michigan
as swamp gas gave Blue Book a false reputation as a "cover
up" organization from which it never fully recovered.  To
this day Hynek's faux pas is referred to with tongue firmly
in cheek by such UFO publications as "The Swamp Gas
Journal."  The following is an excerpt from the original
March 26, 1966 New York Times story describing the swamp gas
explanation.  Although Hynek may have been guilty of
treating the Michigan events too lightly, the original press
account shows that the media may also have been overzealous
in using this event to discredit Dr. Hynek:

     "...(Dr. Hynek) called the report by 87 coeds, a
     college dean, and a civil defense director from
     Hillsdale a very puzzling sighting... some 50
     people reported seeing a football-shaped object
     hovering over a swamp.  Dr. Hynek said "This could
     have been due to the release of variable
     quantities of marsh gas.  A dismal swamp is a most
     unlikely place for a visit from outer space....
     Rotting vegetation produces the gas which can be
     trapped by ice and winter conditions.  When a
     spring thaw occurs, the gas may be released in
     some quantity.  This may cause lights sometimes
     right on the ground, sometimes merely floating
     above it..."


     Modern science is not nearly so simple.  Albert
Einstein, not only the greatest of modern scientists but
also a man of deep Jewish faith, showed that the Universe
was governed not by Newton's absolutes, but by General and
Special Relativity.  Scientists like Neils Bohr, Louis
deBroglie, and Werner Heisenberg developed theories of
Quantum Mechanics that described the behavior of subatomic
particles as being dependent on the observer's
consciousness, or at least interact with the observer's
consciousness!  In 1927, Heisenberg theorized that  nature
places an absolute limit on the combined accuracy of certain
pairs of simultaneous measurements.  Such measurements might
be determined by an observer just prior to an experiment,
thus causing matter to choose a state as a consequence of
the conscious decision of the observer.
     Einstein was himself an unwitting contributor to the
development of quantum theory.  After considering its
philosophical implications, Einstein later rebelled at these
notions, claiming that  "I shall never believe that God
plays dice with the world.15"  Nonetheless, experimental
data agrees with many of these strange quantum mechanical
theories, and they are now commonly accepted in physics.
Not even its founders realized that quantum theory may
provide an explanation for some of today's manifestations of
the paranormal, which appear to be consistent with what is
called a "tunneling effect" -- a concept to which we will
return in Chapter 14.
     During the 1800s, mathematics was the queen of the
sciences.  Mathematicians, scientists, and philosophers all
looked to the mathematical legacy from Euclid to Descartes
as reflecting the certainty of reality.  Early in the 20th
Century, however, the philosophy of Logical Positivism led
to the questioning of mathematical certainty.  Einstein put
this modern thinking in perspective when he said, "As far as
the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not
certain, and as far as they are certain, they do not refer
to reality."  Mathematics abandoned its claims to be a true
reflection of reality and instead placed its value in being
logically consistent -- if we accept starting assumptions
and argue logically, our results will always be consistent
with the assumptions.  This last bastion of tradition was
breached by German mathematician Kurt Godel, who in 1931
proved his "Incompleteness Theorem," which concludes that a
sufficiently large mathematical structure can not be shown
to be internally consistent.
     As author Isaac Bashevis Singer said, "Our knowledge is
a little island in a great ocean of non-knowledge.16"  The
paranormal manifestations described in this book certainly
belong to that island of scientific non-knowledge.  As
mentioned earlier, Jung tried to understand such things as
being archetypes of a collective subconscious.  But is this
Jungian paradigm only an attempt to attach a name to that
island without as much as exploring it?  What does religion
have to say?

REINTEGRATION OF SCIENCE AND RELIGION

     All religions can be said to be belief systems relating
to an ultimate reality.  Although whatever metaphysical
statements we make should be valid with respect to this
ultimate reality, we prudently restrict our comments to the
religious context which we are most familiar -- the Judeo-
Christian.  The Judeo-Christian religion is monotheistic,
claiming that one supreme uncreated consciousness, God, is
the Creator of all, is infinite in power and love, and His
knowledge is far beyond what our limited human intelligence
can comprehend.  It also traditionally holds that God
created beings that, although limited in knowledge, are
still far ahead of mankind in intellect (e.g., angels).
Angels are like humans in possessing free will and
intellect, but are unlike us in that they have spiritual
rather than physical bodies.  Although they are usually
completely invisible to us,17 angels are nevertheless said
to be able to appear at times as physical-looking humans.18
     Who are these angelic beings and, if they exist, would
it be so strange that they might produce paranormal
manifestations such as UFOs that our science can not
explain?  Due to the spiritual and therefore transcendent
nature of this approach, professional scientific societies
have little or no official interest in such things.
Nevertheless, many of their individual members are not only
very interested, but have themselves either read extensively
about UFOs, researched, or even reported UFOs.  Appendix A
contains a report on a private survey done of the membership
of the American Astronomical Society concerning the UFO
phenomenon.19
     Although individual scientists might have interest in
such questions, organized science operates within a
framework that is as rigid as that of organized religion.
The scientific method infers that data are not worth
investigating if they cannot be measured in a laboratory, or
at least under controlled conditions.  Any scientist who
goes beyond the boundaries of accepted scientific paradigms
and investigates paranormal (outside of "normal"
experiential paradigms), preternatural (outside of nature as
we know it) or supernatural (direct intervention by God)
activity of the kind discussed here is at risk of being cut
off by the rest of the scientific community.  Because of
this, scientists either avoid such subjects, or else study
them under cover as part of an "invisible college" whose
names and methods are only known to each other.  In the
course of our investigations, we have encountered and worked
with some of these legitimate scientists, and there is a
mutual understanding of the caution we must exercise with
this subject.  Caution is due not only to its
unacceptability to mainstream science, but also out of fear
of being overwhelmed by the nonsense of those hoaxsters and
ufologists who are not at all critical and are ready to
accept anything.  We will meet some of these characters in
this book.
     A related problem is that today's secular society has
biased the citizenry against spiritual hypotheses.  When
making statements that encompass the supernatural or
paranormal, most people have been conditioned by secularism
to immediately reject any data that may hint at a spiritual
characteristic.  Most people's concept of "the devil" is an
archaic and mythical idea of an ugly horned being in a red
suit with a pitchfork, and "demons" are little grotesque
creatures that do his bidding.  Similarly, most people's
concept of "angels" is that they are an antiquated idea of
beautiful human-looking beings with large wings and halos
floating on some cloud playing harps.  In other words, most
people's understanding and concept of such beings is a
reflection of their conditioned belief structures -- an
example of Jungs archetypes.
     Additionally, discussion of metaphysical entities such
as "angels" or "demons" infer the existence of a moral code
which our society is gradually jettisoning.  If instead of
"angels and demons" we used such words as "Jungian
archetypes" or "interdimensional realities" then this would
be more acceptable, since it would not imply a conflict of
"good versus evil" and certainly would not suggest the
existence of either a God or a Satan.
The real problem is that modern society tries to
separate the spiritual realm from the physical, and this is
impossible -- as Quantum Mechanics has discovered, there is
a fascinating dynamic relationship between the inanimate
observable universe and the observer.  Yet, when people
begin to discuss the spiritual dimensions of the subject
matter and place them in a context of morality, or of "good
versus evil," this becomes taboo.  The legacy of the divorce
between science and religion over the last several hundred
years has been a society in which anything goes -- there
seems to be no room for right or wrong, nor good or evil.
Many scientists are beginning to see the dangers of this.
As stated by author and psychiatrist M. Scott Peck,

     "All of this is changing, however, The end result
     of a science without religious values and verities
     would appear to be the Strangelovian lunacy of the
     arms race; the end result of a religion without
     scientific self-doubt and scrutiny, the Rasputian
     lunacy of Jonestown.  For a whole variety of
     factors, the separation of religion and science no
     longer works.  There are many compelling reasons
     today for their reintegration -- one of them being
     the problem of evil itself -- even to the point of
     the creation of a science that is no longer value-
     free.  In the past decade this reintegration has
     begun.  It is, in fact, the most exciting event in
     the intellectual history of the late twentieth
     century20."

     Interestingly, Dr. Peck was led to his thoughts about
the reintegration of science and religion after
contemplating the problem of evil.  As he argued in his
book, People of the Lie, the concept of evil may be the only
recourse to explain the behavior of some individuals.
Similarly, the problem of evil, as we shall argue in this
book, leads us to the consideration that UFO and other
paranormal manifestations are themselves grounded in this
concept.  Even though a number of other veteran ufologists,
who have themselves spent over thirty years investigating
this subject, have come to similar conclusions, most of
those casually acquainted with the subject choose to not
accept this conclusion.
     What the general public does not realize is that these
men and women come to this conclusion from various
professional disciplines and have spent much time and effort
wading through the mountains of data in order to come to
these conclusions.  They have different backgrounds,
religious and philosophical beliefs.  Instead, many choose
to follow the "Pied Pipers" of ufology into the realm of
deception -- extraterrestrials from other stars, humanoids
secretly kept by the government, underground UFO bases,
abductions by aliens, and a myriad of other sensational
ideas.  Such things make for good press, but lousy science.


     The astrophysicist emphasized that his explanation did
not cover the entire UFO phenomenon over the past 20 years
and that very few sightings could be attributed to marsh
gas...  Although regarded as a UFO debunker at the time, Dr.
Hynek later became a believer in the paranormal aspects of
UFOs and created a center for the study of the phenomenon
that earned high marks for its thoroughness and
credibility.23

What is misrepresented?

     The following table lists some of the things that have
been the primary cause of UFO reports in the past24.  This
exhaustive list accounts for approximately 90 percent of all
UFO reports.  That means that the remaining ten percent can
not be accounted for by any of the causes on this list (at
least not in any obvious way).  This represents a large
quantity and quality of reports that professional scientists
have investigated without being able to find an answer.
Most UFO sightings are not even considered for investigation
by professionals unless they are reported by multiple
witnesses who have passed all of the standard tests to
detect mental illness, and polygraphs to detect hoaxsters.

A.  MATERIAL OBJECTS
    1  Upper Atmosphere: meteors, satellite
reentry, rocket firings, ionospherec experiments,
balloons.
    2  Lower Atmosphere: planes, weather balloons,
clouds, contrails, blimps, bubbles, military test
craft, military experiments, magnesium flares,
birds migrating.
    3  Very Low Atmosphere: paper debris, kites,
leaves, spider webs, insects, luminous electrical
discharge, seeds, feathers, parachutes, fireworks.
    4  On or Near Ground: dust devils, power lines,
transformers, elevated street lights, insulators,
reflections from windows, water tanks, lightning
rods, TV antennas, weather vanes, automobile
headlights, lakes and ponds, beacon lights,
lighthouses, tumbleweeds, icebergs, domed roofs,
radar antennas, radio astronomy antennae, insect
swarms, fires, oil refineries, cigarettes tossed
away.
B.  IMMATERIAL OBJECTS
    1 Upper Atmosphere: auroral phenomena,
noctilucent clouds.
    2  Lower Atmosphere: reflections of
searchlights, lightning, St. Elmo's Fire,
parhelia, reflections from fog and mist, mirages.
C.  ASTRONOMICAL: planets, stars, artificial
satellites, sun, moon, meteors, comets.
D.  PHYSIOLOGICAL: After images, matches,
autokinesis, autostasis, eye defects.
E.  PSYCHOLOGICAL: hallucination.
F.  GEOPHYSICAL:  earth lights, tectonic stress,
earthquakes.
G.  PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORDS: development defects,
internal camera reflections.
H.  RADAR: anomalous refraction, scattering, ghost
images, radar angels, birds, insects, multiple
reflections.
I.  HOAXES

Table 1  Events which may be misrepresented as UFOs

     In spite of this long list of potential explanations,
we have unexplainable reports of such high quality that they
would pass the "reasonable doubt" test in any court.  There
are reports of UFOs sighted by multiple credible witnesses,
not in contact with each other and not knowing each other,
along with evidence from radar and other instruments
confirming their reports.  These witnesses are without any
suspicion of any mental or emotional disorder.  What are
some typical reports of this type?

HARD CORE REPORTS

     Let us state at the outset that unless and until we
place a UFO under a microscope in a laboratory, there will
not be a single report that can be "proven" to be true.
Nevertheless, over the past four decades of UFO sightings,
the following "hard core" cases have achieved notoriety due
to their credibility and/or publicity.25.  We do not state
these cases as definitive proof of the reality of the UFO
phenomenon, but instead as an indication that there is a
puzzling phenomenon that can not in honesty be ignored.
Some of these cases might admit alternative explanations
(which also have not been proven), and where those have been
proposed we state them.

1.  Roswell Incident, outside Corona, New Mexico, 1947
     An object crashed in a remote location on a large ranch
in early July, 1947.  Debris was allegedly recovered by the
Army Air Force, which issued a hasty press release saying
that a "Flying Disk" had been recovered.  The press release
was retracted the next day, and a press conference was held
at which it was claimed that the object was a Rawin Sonde (a
device used to calibrate radar).  An FBI document obtained
through the Freedom of Information Act concerning the
recovered debris said that "the disc was hexagonal in shape
and was suspended from a balloon by a cable, which balloon
was approximately twenty feet in diameter... disc and
balloon being transported to Wright Field by special
plane..."
     Thirty years after the incident, however, Air Force
Intelligence officer Major Jesse Marcel claimed that the
pieces of debris he gathered did not look like they came
from this earth.  Recent interviews with a number of
witnesses reinforce the anomalous nature of object.
Alternative explanations are that it was, indeed, a
weather balloon mistaken for a UFO and that various
witnesses and authors later conspired to perpetuate a UFO
myth around this incident.  The Roswell Incident became the
source for the recent books Majestic, by Whitley Streiber
and Crash at Roswell  by Kevin Randle.

2.  Trent Photo, McMinnville, Oregon, 1950
This classic photo case is important because of the
clarity of the two photos and because of the amount of
research that has been done to establish or disprove its
credibility.  The witnesses, Mr. & Mrs. Paul Trent, formerly
of McMinnville, Oregon, took two photos of an object that
they claimed was flying past their farm on May 11, 1950.
According to the Condon Report, "This is one of the few
UFO reports in which all factors investigated, geometric,
psychological, and physical appear to be consistent with the
assertion that an extraordinary flying object, silvery,
metallic, disk-shaped, tens of meters in diameter, and
evidently artificial, flew within sight of two witnesses.
It cannot be said that the evidence positively rules out a
fabrication, although there are some physical factors such
as the accuracy of certain photometric measures of the
original negatives that argue against a fabrication."

3.  Lubbock, Texas, Lights, 1951
The Lubbock Lights were thus named because the majority
of UFO sightings took place in or around Lubbock, Texas in
August, 1951.  The first sighting was made in Albuquerque,
New Mexico, about 250 miles away.  A number of witnesses
reported flying wing-shaped aircraft, while others reported
a number of lights in a delta shape.  Before the lights
disappeared, weeks later, hundreds had seen them, one man
had photographed them, electromagnetic effects were reported
due to close approaches of the objects, and they had been
tracked on radar.  Some have stated that the "wing-shaped
aircraft" observed was some type of experimental flying
wing.

4.  Washington Invasion, Washington, D.C., 1952
Several fast moving objects appeared on radarscopes at
three separate installations, including Andrews Air Force
Base.  Interceptors were scrambled but did not locate
anything.  The same thing happened the next night, and this
time the objects were confirmed by ground observers and
commercial airline pilots.  The objects appeared as glowing
balls of light that moved toward and away from aircraft,
disappearing and appearing in the nighttime sky.  The
largest peacetime press conference in government history was
called to allege to reporters that the radar traces had been
caused by thermal inversions.  A photograph of UFOs flying
over the capitol building (reproduced in this book) was
widely distributed, but the UFOs on this photograph have
been shown to be lens flares from the street lights below
the capitol.

5.  Great Falls Film, Great Falls, Montana, 1954
A Little League baseball coach filmed two highly-
reflective or luminous objects streaking across the sky near
Malstrom Air Force Base.  The original explanation offered
was that the objects were F-94s on approach to the base.
The Air Force investigators found records of two F-94 jet
fighters that had landed at Malstrom, three miles east-
southeast of the baseball park, about the time the UFOs were
seen.  However, the observers said that they had seen some
jets in another part of the sky just after observing the
UFOs.

6.  Lakenheath-Bentwaters, England, 1956
Multiple radar and visual contacts of one or more
unknown objects were made in August 1956 over East Anglia, a
wide area of the flat plains of eastern England.  At least
one UFO was tracked concurrently by three different ground-
based radars at two airfields, with corresponding visual
sightings by ground personnel of round, white, rapidly
moving objects that changed direction abruptly.
Interception by Royal Air Force night-fighter aircraft was
attempted.  One aircraft was vectored to the UFO by ground
radar, and the pilot reported visual and airborne radar
contact.  The glowing ball of light, tracked by three ground
radars, then appeared to circle behind the aircraft and
followed it despite the pilot's evasive efforts.  Contact
was broken when the UFO stopped chasing the aircraft and
disappeared from the interception control radar.  The
investigating U.S. Air Force Intelligence officer stated all
personnel interviewed and official logs lent reality to the
existence of some unexplained flying phenomena near this
airfield on this occasion.


7.  Lonnie Zamora, Socorro, New Mexico, 1964
Police officer Lonnie Zamora was chasing a speeding car
when a sudden roar and flame in the sky to the southwest
attracted his attention.  He broke away from the chase and
went to investigate.  Approaching the area, he saw an
elliptical object with supporting legs that had landed in
the gully.  Zamora thought he saw two figures, heard a
metallic thud like someone closing a door, as he got out of
the patrol car and started to walk closer to it.  Suddenly,
the aluminum-white, egg-shaped object started to roar, and a
blast of bluish-orange flame shot out from the bottom.
Zamora became frightened, and rushed behind the car thinking
it was about to explode.  He saw a red insignia on the side
of the object. He watched the object slowly lift into the
air, flames still coming from bottom, the low frequency roar
changing to a high frequency whine then to silence, when it
leveled off and headed in a southwest direction.  There was
physical evidence at the scene that consisted of smoldering
chico bushes and landing pod-like markings.  The Air Force
indicated that analyses of the bushes and soil revealed no
petrochemicals.  Some investigators speculated that this
aircraft might have been some type of experimental
spacecraft to be used in lunar or Martian exploration in the
near future, but official inquiries proved negative.

8.  Captain Coyne/Army Helicopter, Mansfield, Ohio,
1974
Four National Guardsmen aboard a Bell UH-1H helicopter
reported sighting a large cylindrical object on a collision
course.  The pilot in command, Capt. Coyne, thinking they
were about to have a midair collision, put the helicopter in
the descent mode.  The object suddenly stopped in front and
slightly above the helicopter, a green beam of light
suddenly filled the cockpit, and the helicopter began
ascending even though it was still in the descent mode.  The
gray, aluminum-looking body of the object could be seen
through the canopy by Capt. Coyne. Two of the crew members
did not get a good look at the object, and one indicated
that he only saw a bright light.  The green light then shut
off and the object continued its westward travel, after
which Coyne discovered that the helicopter had inexplicably
risen 2,000 feet.  Later, Coyne would get a call from a man
in the Pentagon asking him if he had had any unusual dreams;
Coyne indicated that he had and was curious to know why
someone would ask such questions.  Later, some people came
forth and admitted that they had seen the helicopter and the
object from the ground.  Some investigators felt that Capt.
Coyne may have seen a large bolide and the green light
experienced was due to the green tinting on the canopy.

9. Frederick Valentich/private airplane, Australia,
1978
Frederick Valentich, a twenty-year old pilot, was on a
flight from Moorabbin to King Island when he encountered a
UFO that began circling his small aircraft.  He radioed to
Melbourne asking if they had any aircraft in the area, but
they replied they didn't.  There was a continual exchange of
communication between him and Melbourne as the object closed
in on his aircraft.  Valentich indicated that the strange
aircraft was hovering on top of him again and that his
engine was idling roughly.  Suddenly there was silence.  An
intensive air, sea, and land search was conducted, but no
trace of Valentich or the aircraft was found.  Some felt
that Valentich may have experienced "vertigo" and been
flying upside down, viewing lights being reflected from the
water, whereupon he crashed into the deep waters between
Moorabbin and King Island.

10. Cash/Landrum, north of Lake Houston, Texas, 1980
Betty Cash, fifty-one, Vickie Landrum, fifty-seven, and
Colby Landrum, seven (Vickie's grandson), were driving on a
road north of Lake Houston on the way to Dayton, Texas where
they lived when they observed a very bright light in the sky
that disappeared behind some trees.  As the witnesses drove
along, they were shocked to see a large diamond-shaped
object hovering above the road ahead of them belching fire
from beneath.  One of the women got out of the car to get a
closer look, while the other comforted little Colby.
Suddenly, the sky was filled with CH-47 style helicopters.
The object still belching flame, lifted and moved over the
trees with the helicopters surrounding it.  Soon after the
sighting, all three witnesses suffered strange maladies that
were likened to radiation poisoning.  The two women tried to
take the U.S. Government to court because of health problems
they suffered afterwards.

11. Hudson Valley, New York, 1984
Thousands of reports were made, mostly nocturnal, of a
large, hovering boomerang-shaped object with a series of
rotating lights.  The reports came from many highly credible
individuals including meteorologists, news reporters and
police chiefs.  A "planes in formation" theory is still in
contention; however, videos taken by an area resident of
both the object and a formation of planes show distinct
differences.

     There are hundreds of other reports as the eleven we
have highlighted above, some credible and some not so
credible.  Some might be misrepresentations, while others
could be elaborate hoaxes. and misidentification of
experimental man-made aircraft and/or drones.  There is the
possibility that some may be little-known natural events,
especially those objects that appear to be glowing, self-
luminous balls of light that appear mysteriously and then
suddenly disappear while being visually observed and tracked
on radar in some cases.  These "balls of light:" do not
necessarily mean that they are extraterrestrial spacecraft
instead of something much more earth-bound, such as ball
lightning.
     Could all  such cases be misidentifications or hoaxes?
To take that position without going through the
investigations would be just as close-minded as to take the
position that they are all true.  The sheer quantity and
quality of multiple-witness reports from credible witnesses
indicates that something else must be happening.  Let us
consider the second hypothesis -- "little green men."

EXTRATERRESTRIAL (ET) HYPOTHESIS

     According to the ET hypothesis, the credible but
unexplained reports are sightings of visitors from other
planetary systems.  Their motives for being here are
variously given as that their own system is dying, that
exploration is natural for them, or that they use the Earth
as an incubation tank for the creation of new species.
     Although in the realm of fantasy and science fiction
anything is possible (such as faster-than-light travel), we
nevertheless have certain rules of evidence and logic to
guide us.  According to these rules, does this hypothesis
appear correct?  Let us examine this question.
The first argument against the ET hypothesis is the
tremendous distance between stars.  The average spacing
between stars that are capable, in theory, of harboring
life-bearing planets is 200 light years.  Four nearby stars
are the most commonly cited as possible homes for
extraterrestrial life, and all are approximately 11 light
years away:  Epsilon Eridani, 61 Cygni, Epsilon Indi, and
Tau Ceti.  The others are thought to be either too unstable
to have planets, or are their local environment is too
extreme to provide a stable environment for life to develop
and survive long enough for it to achieve intelligence26.
Tau Ceti is considered the best candidate, since it is
the most like our own sun.  Some UFO believers in the ET
hypothesis argue that Tau Ceti is at the right distance from
Earth to account for the wave of modern-day reports.  The
first major UFO waves took place some 22-24 years after the
first high-power radio transmissions from earth could have
been detected at interstellar distances.  Such
transmissions, moving at the speed of light, would have
taken about 11 years to reach them, and spacecraft moving at
near-light speed would have taken not much more than that to
return here -- hence the 22-24 year time.  This assumes a
great deal, of course, not the least of which is that there
are spacecraft capable of traveling at the speed of light.
Let's assume, as we argued above, that the closest
planetary systems capable of supporting life are at least
ten, and more likely hundreds, of light years away.  That
means that it would take a spaceship, traveling at the speed
of light, ten to hundreds of years to make a one-way
journey.  Einsteins relativity theory, however, tells us
that the faster a particle travels, the more its mass
increases and the more energy it takes to accelerate to a
higher velocity.  Therefore a starship may only be expected
to travel, in practical terms, no faster than perhaps one-
tenth of the speed of light.  That makes the ten-to-hundreds
of years one-way trip take hundreds to thousands of years.
Our own space probes, traveling at 25,000 miles per hour,
are merely crawling along at four one-thousandths of a
percent of the speed of light.
     Then there is the matter of acceleration and
deceleration.  A starship has to accelerate for a very long
time to get to any reasonable fraction of the speed of light
and decelerate to keep from overshooting its eventual
destination.  Therefore even a relatively short interstellar
distance of ten light years might actually take many
hundreds of earth years to travel one way.  If they arrived
at our planet in these interstellar slow boats, does it make
sense that they would hide themselves from us while on the
other hand doing such blatant things as chasing aircraft and
abducting innocent bystanders?  Does it make sense that they
would appear to us as many different humanoid species
without giving us a clue as to what they want?
Given the large distances involved, we would expect
that if visitations from inhabitants of other planetary
systems had occurred or were occurring, that a landing would
be somewhat of a momentous occasion both for our visitors
and for ourselves.  We would expect that each visitation
would be either done in complete secrecy (in case they
merely wish to observe us), or else would be accompanied by
systematic interactions with our species in such a way that
a single voyage would extract the maximum information
available.  Later voyages -- at least twenty years apart due
to round-trip distances -- might be modified as a result of
the information obtained.  However, what we see with the UFO
phenomenon makes no sense at all in this context: reports of
thousands of landings with dissimilar creatures, dissimilar
intents, and dissimilar messages.


     This brings us to the second argument against the ET
hypothesis -- there are too many reports. Vallie estimates
the number at 50,000 "close encounter" reports since the
beginning of the systematic recording of such reports twenty
years ago.  This is a conservative estimate based mainly on
reports from the Americas, Europe, and Australia.  That
estimate does not account for incidents that may occur in
other places around the world.  We may safely double that to
account for those parts of the world where close encounters
occur but are not recorded systematically.  This means that
there might be 100,000 UFO close encounters that might have
taken place over the last 20 years.  That is an average of
5,000 per year, or almost 15 per day.  And these are close
encounters.  We can safely assume that for each close
encounter there are at least ten credible sightings of UFOs
at a distance.  This means there are at least 150 credible
sightings per day.
     Under the ET hypothesis, not only are we asked to
accept that the ETs have learned how to transverse the large
distances involved, but that they are sending veritable
armadas of every kind of extraterrestrial creature in
spaceships that appear as anything from dirigibles to discs,
for the sole apparent purpose of playing games of hide and
seek with farmers and housewives, while leaving absolutely
no debris.  Given 45 years of this, complete with reports of
UFOs blowing up, landing, and taking abductees, we might
think that by now there would be a little green man in a
morgue, or a piece of a saucer hanging in the Smithsonian
museum.  But there are not.  Why?  We claim that it is
because we are not collecting data on a natural scientific
phenomenon.  Instead, we are collecting data in the same way
that a moviegoer can be said to be collecting data from what
is being projected on the screen.
     To further undermine the ET hypothesis, David Brin has
written in First Contact, that sometime in the mid-1970s
several prominent scientists challenged the conventional
wisdom that life arises upon isolated islands, forever
separated by the wide gulfs of interstellar space.  These
scientists concluded that it is possible, in theory, to
cross the emptiness between stars in interstellar slow boats
that take perhaps several generations to cross from star to
star.  Why does this undermine rather than support the ET
hypothesis?  Precisely because it presents us with a paradox
that is difficult to overcome.  If many advanced life forms
did this, the 200 light-year average spacing between races
could be bridged in under 100,000 years, which is almost
nothing compared with a universe several billions of years
old.
     The paradox is that in spite of this argument, there
are no clear signs that the Earth has been colonized in the
last 60 million years27, nor are there signs of
civilizations near neighboring stars.  No radio signals have
been picked up from these stars, even though the
interstellar slow boat theory would tell us that these stars
should be brimming with communication and commerce28.
Indeed, the great silence, combined with the Earth's
geological and anthropological record, strongly hints that
mankind may be indeed alone in the universe (or at least in
this galaxy).  There is a current theory in vogue among
physicists that the Universe is the way we observe it
precisely because mankind is in it.  Could it be that modern
physics is now confirming what the Church has always taught?
That there is a God who created the Universe for the sake of
placing mankind in it?
     If the preceding argues against the existence of
intelligent extraterrestrial life in our part of the
universe, it argues even more strongly that the many
thousands of UFO sightings over such a short time could not
possibly be the result of extraterrestrial intelligence.
If the ET hypothesis is not supportable, what then are
we dealing with?  Consider the following report, described
by Vallie:

     "June 1962, Verona, Italy:  Following a UFO
     observation, a woman was awakened by a feeling of
     intense cold and saw a being with a bald head near
     the house.  She called other witnesses, and all
     saw the apparition shrink and vanish on the spot,
     like a TV image when the set is turned off."

     We could cite hundreds of credible reports by multiple
witnesses that say similar things: the UFO they observed did
not leave the scene by normal physical means such as
accelerating away, but instead seemed to disappear as if it
were a projection onto our minds.  This is our first clue
that what credible witnesses are observing is not something
physical but instead some kind of  mental projection -- what
some would argue is strictly a psychological phenomenon, but
which we argue has a spiritual dimension.
UFO manifestations seem to be intertwined with our own
perceptions.  For example, some UFO multi-witness cases have
shown that each individual did not see exactly the same
thing, and certain details described by each individual
seemed to be reflective of that individual's consciousness
(this also occurs in alleged apparitions of the Virgin
Mary).  In some cases, one or two individuals in a group see
the manifestation while the others do not see anything, even
though they are looking at the same location pointed out.
Cameras have often obtained blurry images of UFOs and other
unusual manifestations that were not visible to the naked
eye.  In fact, experience has shown that the clearer the
alleged photograph of a UFO, the more likely that it is a
fake.  This tends to indicate that the phenomenon can
influence the human mind to the point of being selective in
a group of people, and can influence both the brain and
instruments to detect or not detect whatever it desires29.
The phenomenon appears to be able to interact with the
physical environment in a number of ways.  This should
provide us a clue that there may be some intricate deception
going on.  The real source behind the manifestation seems to
have a mask.
     Another clue as to the true nature of these phenomena
is that children seem more apt to report seeing UFO and
angelic manifestations than adults.  An obvious hypothesis
for this is that children tend to make up stories.  As we
shall see with some alleged visions of the Virgin Mary,
however, mere children have passed the most stringent of
medical and scientific tests during the time of their
reported vision.  So rather than discounting all such tales,
we should admit the possibility that young children's minds
may be more aware and closer to the spiritual domain.
Children have not yet become hardened or conditioned by our
secular society.  Thus, they may more easily glimpse this
spiritual world and may be more likely to be influenced by
the spiritual, whether benevolent or malevolent.  It is
noted in theological literature that when children suffer
severe traumas (sexual, mental or physical abuse) or are
exposed to drugs, violence, pornography, or occult
literature and activities in early childhood, this tends to
open their minds to "demonic influence."  This may be why
Christ said, "And whoever welcomes a little child like this
in My name welcomes Me.  But if anyone causes one of these
little ones who believe in Me to sin, it would be better for
him to have a large millstone hung around his neck and to be
drowned in the depths of the sea.30"

PSYCHOLOGICAL HYPOTHESIS

     Under this hypothesis we group a number of concepts
espoused by various researchers, all of which conclude that
the UFO manifestation is strictly a mental interpretation of
psychological or psycho-physical phenomena.  There are two
major branches under this: the tectonic theory, and the
post-traumatic stress theory.
     The first branch, which goes by the name of Tectonic
Stress Theory, or Earth Lights, espoused by researchers
Deveroux and Persinger, was developed in the 1970s.  This
theory claims that rocks (such as quartz) under great stress
(such as around earthquake faults) can produce piezoelectric
energy that can manifest as microwave energy above ground
and give the appearance of a UFO.  Furthermore, this earth
light can interact with the brains temporal lobe structures
(according to Persinger) and create hallucinations of UFO
entities.  This is an interesting theory which relies on the
proven principle of piezoelectricity and the known effects
of temporal lobe stimulation or epilepsy.  Nonetheless,
although this theory may explain a number of cases, it
suffers from several flaws: the energies required, UFO
reports from non-earthquake areas, and the periodicity of
certain reports.
     Concerning the energy required, Chris Rutkowski has
shown that the piezoelectric energy likely to be produced by
tectonic stress is many orders of magnitude less than would
be required for a typical luminous UFO manifestation.  In
addition, he notes that the reported correlation between UFO
sightings and earthquake fault zones rely on a somewhat
artificial selection of geographical zones and the "lagging"
of the data over time.  Furthermore, although there might be
increased UFO reports along earthquake zones, this data is
also correlated with the higher populations densities along
certain corridors (such as along the San Andreas fault).
According to Persinger, not only UFO reports but also
religious manifestations might be explainable through either
natural or induced abnormalities in the temporal lobe
cortex.  That this explains many reports, particularly those
suffering from schizophrenia and epilepsy, is without doubt.
However, it fails to explain reports from those who pass all
standard medical and physical tests or from multiple
observers.  A case in point are the four Medjugorje, Bosnia,
visionaries of the Virgin Mary to be described in a later
chapter.  These four children reported daily visual and
auditory apparitions of the Virgin Mary for many years.
Their apparitions occurred at exactly the same time, were
reported in exactly the same way, and even passed stringent
physical and mental tests conducted by scientists while they
were having their vision.
     Recently a different psychological theory of UFOs,
especially of alleged abductions, has been proposed by
several investigators who claim that such reports may be the
result of repressed traumatic childhood experiences such as
child abuse.  Childhood sexual abuse is an alarming, yet
controversial current topic among therapists and those who
believe they were victims.  Although estimates vary, sexual
abuse of children appears to be tragically common.  In a
1979 survey of 800 college students, 19 percent of the women
and 9 percent of the men reported having experienced at
least one coercive sexual experience initiated by an adult
before age 13.  In a 1986 study of 930 San Francisco women,
28 percent cited at least one instance of sexual
molestation, and 16 percent reported incest before age 1431.
The controversy resides not in the reality of childhood
sexual abuse, but in the way that memories of such abuse are
brought to light.  They are often not recalled until much
later in life, and at the urging of therapists who may
intentionally or unintentionally be creating the memories in
their patients.  At least 300 lawsuits have been filed
involving formerly repressed memories.

     The theory of the connection between child abuse and
UFO abductions holds that the human subconscious, unable to
deal with such repressed memories, generates instead
screening pseudo-memories of UFO entities complete with
abductions.  In Hidden Memories, author Robert Baker claims
that people unconsciously manufacture memories of child
molestation or abduction by UFOs or victimization by Satanic
cults as a result of childhood conflicts and grudges towards
parents that were never resolved.  Baker writes that
"Obtaining the truth is never easy, but claims of childhood
sexual abuse that emerge only after psychotherapy are
particularly suspect.32"
     It is not difficult to conceive that the imagined UFO
entities take the place of an individual responsible for the
abuse.  The mind can not deal with the conscious thought of
perhaps a close relative being responsible for sexual abuse,
and so conjures up terrible looking UFO entities.  In a
similar way, the abduction scenario could represent sexual
or physical abuse, where the child felt abducted into a
relationship that he or she detested but could not prevent.
This theory may be factual for many who claim to have been
abducted.  Especially with the widespread information about
UFO abductions through the press and television, it would be
most unusual today to find anyone who is not at least
partially acquainted with this phenomenon.
     Nevertheless, the child abuse theory fails to account
for all the phenomena attributed to the abduction
experience.  For example, many abductees report very
physical scars, burn marks, and other illnesses as a result
of their experience.  Such complaints have been verified by
competent medical authorities.  The child abuse theory also
fails to account for the witnesses of paranormal events
related to the alleged abduction by innocent bystanders who
could not have been associated with previous child abuse.
One notable case is the Whitley Streiber abductions
from his upstate New York cabin, in which several guests
reported bright luminous phenomena on the night he claimed
to have been abducted.  In the Travis Walton case, as
previously mentioned, five woodcutters allegedly witnessed
the abduction of their comrade aboard a UFO and four of them
passed subsequent lie detector tests.  Finally, there are
many abductees for whom it can be proven that they were
raised in a family environment free from child abuse.
Even though the child abuse theory fails to account for
many or most of the abduction reports, the effect on the
victims is similar whether due to child abuse or abduction,
and is typical of post traumatic stress disorder.  Dr. Leo
Sprinkle, a psychologist active in the area of UFO
abductions, writes the following in a paper dealing with
psychotherapeutic services for persons who claim UFO
experiences:
     "...If abused persons are given competent and
     compassionate assistance, they can often learn to
     cope with their feelings of anger, anxiety, doubt,
     grief, guilt, pain, shame, etc.
     However, in our contemporary society, those
     persons who describe paranormal/ psychic/
     spiritual crises, or emotional trauma from
     memories of possible past lives, often are faced
     with scoffing or skeptical reactions -- not only
     from their friends and relatives, but sometimes
     from professional persons, including
     psychotherapists.33"

     It is noteworthy that Dr. Sprinkle is himself a witness
to the UFO phenomenon and has reached the conclusion that
they are real.  Not only has he reached this conclusion, but
has set up a program to assist the victims of this
phenomenon.  Continuing with his personal story, Dr.
Sprinkle writes:

"In 1949, on the campus of the University of
Colorado, a buddy and I observed a flying saucer
(Daylight Disc).  In 1956, my wife, Marilyn, and I
observed a silent UFO that hovered, moved,
hovered, moved, etc., over Boulder, Colorado.
After the second sighting, I began to investigate
the literature on UFO reports... I have assisted
more than 175 persons who have explored their UFO
memories in hypnosis sessions.  I have read
thousands of reports, and I have corresponded with
hundreds of persons who have described their
strange and bizarre UFO experiences.
After 31 years of UFO investigation, including 25
years of UFO research and 20 years of therapeutic
services to persons who claim UFO encounters, I
have come to several tentative viewpoints:
    1.  I believe that flying saucers (UFOs) exist.
    2.  I believe that I cannot prove to anyone
that UFOs exist.
    3.  I believe that UFO research is always
frustrating, often fearful, sometimes fun.
    4.  I believe that psychotherapeutic services
and social support for UFO Experiencers are
helpful to them in accepting the reality of these
experiences and in their understanding of the
silliness and the significance of these
experiences.
    5.  I believe that there are many skills that
can be useful to the psychotherapist who works
with UFO Experiencers, but the main attributes are
courage, curiosity, and compassion.
    6.  I appreciate the willingness of UFO
Experiencers to share their information, and the
willingness of professional colleagues to assist
UFO Experiencers.34"

     What does a trained and practicing psychologist like
Dr. Sprinkle, who has personally observed a UFO and provided
services to many other witnesses, hypothesize about the
purpose behind the phenomenon?  In his own words:

"[My] major hypothesis, or speculation, is that UFO
activity is an educational program: A gradual, but
persistent, conditioning of human awareness for a
new age of science and spirituality (advanced
technology and advanced morality)35."

     The speculation that UFO activity is educational,
representing advanced technology, has been increasingly
adopted by the UFO community.  However, Dr. Sprinkle adds an
element that is being increasingly accepted and that we
believe to be the real purpose for the deception behind the
outward activity -- that UFOs represent an "advanced
morality."  These two words contain the essence of the real
danger behind this phenomenon: that even trained scientists
can be deceived and consider UFO activity as an advanced
counter to the (presumably) less advanced morality taught by
conventional religion.  In an article on UFO abductions,
Omni magazine characterized Dr. Sprinkle as "a pioneer of
the New Age and an avid proponent of channeling (who)
believes we can talk to other worldly spirits and that the
space brothers are here.36"

THE AUTHOR'S HYPOTHESIS

     At the risk of sounding ambivalent, let us first admit
that the UFO phenomenon is multifaceted. Many things can and
do produce UFO reports -- the majority of which are the
misidentification of natural phenomena and earth-based
technology.  Yes, even swamp gas is responsible for some
reports.  There is also evidence of some elaborate hoaxes.
And there is little doubt that repressed memories,
hypnogogic hallucinations and temporal lobe abnormalities
play a role.  Unlike those researchers who claim a single
answer for UFOs, however, we do not believe that any one
theory can explain all reports, because many factors are
involved and one cannot place all UFO reports under a single
theory or category.
     Nevertheless, we propose that whatever the cause of
these manifestations, the ultimate "reality" behind these
phenomena, the very essence of it, is a manifestation of
metaphysical intelligence that can interact peripherally
with our physical environment and with our human
consciousness to produce visual, physical, and psychological
effects.  This intelligence at times creates such effects
directly, at times uses human helpers to create the effects,
and at times uses the effects that are naturally produced by
the factors cited above.  The artificial construct created
by this consciousness mimics our three-dimensional objects
and systems and our religious imagery -- the purpose being
to slowly condition our minds to accept certain beliefs.
Some of these manifestations are constructive, respect our
free will, and assist us in our path towards ultimate good,
or God.  These are the angelic phenomena typified by
"messengers of God" and true apparitions of the Virgin Mary.
Others are summarily evil, and attempt either to seduce us
through seemingly "good" manifestations, or to force us to
adopt a false belief, while undermining our rational thought
processes and our human spirit.  These are primarily the
manifestations reported as UFOs.  These evil manifestations
have seduced many flesh-and-blood allies, who in turn are
drawing millions into a death spiral of lies, trickery,
criminal activity, and even death.  The evil nature of the
phenomenon begins to unveil itself in the many alleged
abductions that have taken place in recent years, which we
discuss in subsequent chapters.
     Although we claim that there are both good and evil
manifestations, we are not able to tell the difference in
any systematic or definitive way.  Later in this book we
will discuss some factors that may help us to differentiate
between the two, but the high level of intelligence and
direction behind these manifestations makes it practically
impossible to be certain in our assessments.  Therefore, one
could argue that the best approach is to avoid any such
manifestations.  The problem is that most visionaries and
UFO percipients are presented with these manifestations
without their having asked for them.  While we have the
utmost compassion for such individuals, and hope that the
material in this book can assist them in their discernment,
it is up to each individual percipient to decide for
themselves about the true nature of their experience
(hopefully with the help of a trusted minister, a reputable
doctor or psychiatrist, and/or other trusted sources).



     Although our conclusions are consistent with
traditional religious dogma, we did not arrive at them
through a religious path.  If we had, our journey may have
been more direct and less painful, though perhaps more
difficult to defend.  Instead we came to our conclusions
after a tedious and painstaking 20-year journey through the
data.  This journey encountered many dead ends and wild
goose chases.  Along with some other researchers, it was
initially disconcerting to us that the deeper that we
probed, the more consistency we found between what we
observed and traditional religious teachings (what would our
scientific colleagues think!).  Eventually we found that we
could no longer make sense of what we were observing except
through a paradigm shift surprisingly consistent with
religious (at least Christian) dogma.  In fact, we can
summarize our hypothesis in the following five Biblically-
based  statements:
o   There is vastly more to our universe than is
scientifically measurable or explainable37.
o   God's creatures, visible or invisible, intervene in
our universe38.
o   God intervenes in our lives through His
messengers39.
o   Satan attempts to intervene in our lives for evil
purposes40.
o   If we know and worship God, we need not fear any
evil manifestations, for they have no power over
us41.
     We realize that we can not prove any of these
conclusions in a strictly scientific forum, for human
science is confined to the directly observable universe.
All we can hope is that whenever we are in the realm of
science, we are not in contradiction with scientific
observations.  Likewise, we realize that many will dismiss
our hypothesis out of hand because of its spiritual nature.
Nonetheless, we beg your indulgence in allowing us to
support our hypothesis with what follows in this book.
Perhaps our most important conclusion is what we no
longer believe.  We no longer believe that UFOs are
extraterrestrial in origin.  We no longer believe that there
is a grandiose international government conspiracy to hide
the truth, even if some individuals or groups within
governments like to play such games.  Governments may have
more data than civilian UFO organizations, but we no longer
believe that they know any more than the rest of us about
what is really happening.  Nevertheless, governments become
nervous about revealing the fact that they cant explain
this phenomenon.
     As is evident from the many unauthorized releases of
classified and otherwise secured information (e.g., the
Pentagon Papers, the Watergate conspiracy, the KH-11
reconnaissance satellite manual), it is very difficult to
maintain secrets.  Yet, proponents of the government
conspiracy theory would have us believe that the government
has been sitting on the most phenomenal story since recorded
history, a visitation by extraterrestrials, for over 40
years.  According to this theory, the government is even
supposedly holding a collection of humanoids and debris.
This in spite of UFOs doing everything they can to make
themselves known to the general public.
Even if some will accept this unlikely hypothesis, and
credit the U.S. government with incredibly tight security,
how about all of the other governments?  Let us not forget
that UFOs are not only an American phenomena: they are
worldwide.  Some governments even have policies of
officially accepting the authenticity of UFOs.  And yet
there still is not a single humanoid paraded out by these
governments, or any disclosure of data that is not already
known to ufologists.
     When we made our beliefs known to a group of UFO
believers that communicate on a national computer network,
we received many responses.  Some were very hostile,
indicative of a desire not to face this spiritual
explanation.  Nevertheless, we were heartened by the
responses that we received from others who have been
victimized by this activity, and who confirmed that we were,
indeed, on the right track.  The following is a typical
response of the latter group, from someone who will remain
anonymous for her own protection:

"Just as some people do not understand the emotion
and physical manifestations of LOVE, some do not
understand our experiences with UFOs.  I have had
visitations and perhaps abductions.
In one of my visitations, I stripped the being of
his cloak.  He was the Evil One.  How can you
fight without the proper weapons?  I have seen the
physical manifestations of evil.  No one will ever
convince me otherwise.  Until you experienced
UFOs, were you a skeptic?  I have seen both sides,
and I have to admit that the scientific side has
the most convincing argument for people who have
not come to grips with God... but then science is
only a reporter of what God has done.  If we are
to be open to all options we must include all
possibilities.
I have been literally tormented by these
experiences.  I have had the visitations and
possibly the abductions.  I believe some of them
were Satan.  I have been chased and stalked for
years.  I unmasked a visitor once by asking God to
show me the truth.  I could TASTE the FEAR.  The
Lord's prayer drove the vision from me for 16
years.  I too found dealing with the information
flood impossible.  I have to work for a living and
have kids to raise, so I had to be functional.
If we are experiments of other beings then I do
not care to exist.  God is the only true purpose
in my life.  If He is excluded, then life has no
true meaning... no love... only cold   facts.
Just like the cold of space... God is real.  But
then maybe the UFOs are too.  Maybe they are Good
and Evil forces struggling for our world.  I know
there is more than we can understand, but now our
science has evolved to the point at which we can
detect the spiritual battles but can't explain
them because our cops can't catch the speeders and
ask them why they are in such a hurry."

     With this perspective, let us begin with an overview of
the history of the UFO phenomenon.  As we progress from its
early beginnings shrouded in the distant past to the current
sightings, we will gradually uncover the sinister evil
hiding behind the cloak of UFOs.
-------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------
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St. Michael and the Angels, Tan Publishers,
Rockford, Illinois, 1983.
Steffon, Fr. Jeffrey J., Satanism, Is It Real?,
Servant Publications, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1992.
Story, Ronald D., The Encyclopedia Of UFOs
(Edited), Doubleday and Company, Inc., Dolphin
Books, Garden City, N.Y., 1980.
Streiber, Whitley,
    Communion, Beech Tree Books, New York,  1987.
    Transformation, Morrow, 1988.
    Majestic, 1990.
Taft, Harold and Ron Godbey, Texas Weather,
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Riehle Foundation, 1990.

Tindal-Robertson, Timothy, Fatima, Russia, and
Pope John Paul II, The Ravensgate Press, Still
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Vallie, Jacques,
        Anatomy of a Phenomenon, Chicago, Rengery,
    1965
         Messengers of Deception, Bantam, New
York,   1980.
        Passport to Magonia, Henry Rengery,
Chicago,    1969.
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    1988.
         Confrontations, Ballantine, New York,
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    Deception, Ballantine, New York, 1991.
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  ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Dr. Nelson Pacheco was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico,
in 1945.  The son of a career military Non-Commissioned
Officer, he has lived and traveled extensively in the United
States, Europe and the Middle East.  His education includes
a BS in Mathematics from St. Mary's University of San
Antonio, Texas (1966), an MS in Applied Mathematics and
Computer Science from the University of Colorado (1971), and
a Ph.D. in Mathematical Statistics from Colorado State
University, which he earned in 1979.
Dr. Pacheco served in the United States Air Force for
21 years, retiring in the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in
1987.  His Air Force career included duty in Minuteman
ballistic missile targeting, NORAD satellite tracking
operations, and education.  He also served as a Principal
Scientist at the Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers, Europe
(SHAPE) Technical Center in The Hague, The Netherlands.  Dr.
Pacheco became a Tenure Professor of Mathematics at the Air
Force Academy where he served as Chairman of the Department
of Mathematical Sciences prior to his retirement.  Following
his Air Force career, he worked as a researcher and in
management with two well-known Department of Defense think
tanks.  Dr. Pacheco is a member of the American Institute of
Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and the Military
Operations Research Society (MORS).



Tommy R. Blann was born in Marlin, Texas, in 1947. He
attended Durhams Business College (1969-71) and Texas State
Technical Institute (1974-76) in Waco, Texas where he
majored in Business Administration and Chemical Technology.
He has been employed as a chemical technician in the oil and
electronic industry for a number of years.
Mr. Blann has researched and investigated the UFO
phenomenon for 30 years and has participated in the
scientific study of the phenomenon with a number of
scientists worldwide. He has traveled extensively to obtain
firsthand information on the subject and has conducted field
investigations into physical evidence attributed to UFOs.
He was a research associate to the late Dr. J. Allen Hynek,
astronomer at Northwestern University and director of the
Center For UFO Studies in Evanston, Illinois.  He has given
lectures on the subject to civic groups and universities,
and made numerous guest appearances on radio and television
talk shows throughout the United States. His articles and
research have been published in a number of national and
international magazines, newspapers and books.  He has been
a research director and consultant to pilot films and
television documentaries on the subject.
Mr. Blann is a past member of the Author's Guild, Inc.,
NY, NY, and The Author's League of America, Inc., NY, NY.
He presently serves as a 2nd Lieutenant and Public Affairs
Officer in the Civil Air Patrol, U.S.A.F. Auxiliary
headquartered at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.


NOTES

1   According to a recent Roper poll, two percent of the
population, or five million people, believe they have been
abducted by UFOs.
2   Sagan, 1993.
3   Rengers, 1989.
4   Brown, 1992.
5   Brown, 1992.
6   Streiber, 1990.
7   Mark  13:22.
8   The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists displays a clock
on its cover  showing the number of seconds left to
"midnight," -- a global atomic holocaust.  This is a
political statement about the risks of nuclear warfare made
by those very scientists who were responsible for creating
atomic weapons.  The clock reached its most dangerous point,
one second before midnight, during the Cuban missile crisis.
9   Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, June 1957.
10  Mark 13:23.
11  Gen. 3:5.
12  Project Blue Book is the United States Air Force office
responsible for investigating UFO reports.  Although a new
office bearing that name has been reopened, the original
Project Blue Book closed its doors in 1969.  Many important
cases were then, and still are to this date, listed as
"Unidentified."
13  Based on personal communication with a government UFO
investigator who met with such pilots, one of whom was by
then a General officer.
14  Vallie, 1979.
15  Frank , 1947.
16  Interview with Richard Burgin in the New York Times
Magazine, Dec. 3, 1978.
17  Nu. 22:23, 2 Kings 6:17.
18  Hebrews 13: 2, Genesis 18:1-33, Joshua 5:13-15, Judges
6:11-29, Judges 13:6-23.
19  Compiled by Dr. Peter A. Sturrock, Astrophysicist at
Stanford University, who conducted a UFO questionnaire
survey of the 2,611 members of the American Astronomical
Society in 1975.
20  Peck, 1983.
21  Sobal, Jeff and Charles F. Emmons, 1982.
22  To be precise, this theory would say that the 10% of
UFO reports than can not be dismissed as misrepresentations
or hoaxes are also such.
23  Public dissatisfaction with Dr. Hynek's swamp gas
theory later led to the Air Force contract let to the
University of Colorado for the scientific investigation of
UFOs.  Known as the Condon committee after its director Dr.
Edward Condon, this led to one of the most disgraceful
recognized cover-ups in the history of UFO investigations.
The Condon Report was shown in an internal memo generated by
Dr. Condon to have begun with a preordained conclusions that
UFOs were not real.
24  This list was compiled by Donald Menzel, a noted
debunker of the 50s and 60s (taken from UFOs: A Scientific
Debate, Sagan and Page, eds.) -- courtesy of ParaNet.
25  Based on information obtained from ParaNet.
26  This material provided by courtesy of ParaNet.
27  Not withstanding the unproved "Ancient Astronaut"
theories which were in vogue in the 1970s.
28  Although NASA has recently initiated a robust Search
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program (recently
cancelled), smaller SETI searches have been conducted since
the 1950s with no definitive finding of extraterrestrial
intelligent signals.
29  As we shall see later, this external effect is also
present in apparitions of the Virgin Mary, although the
internal effects on the visionary are different.
30  Matthew 18:5.
31  Bower, Bruce, 1993.
32  Baker, 1992.
33  Sprinkle, 1988, quoted with the permission of the
author.
34  Ibid.
35  Ibid.
36  "Secret Sharers," Omni magazine, December, 1987.
37  I Cor. 2:9, Jer. 33:3.
38  Heb. 1:14, Heb. 13:2, Mt. 13:49.
39  Heb. 1:14.
40  2 Cor. 11:14, Eph. 6:12.
41  Ps. 23:4, Isa. 41:10, Luke 12:5.



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